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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Preons, Standard Model, Gravity with Torsion and Black Holes

  AUTHORS: Risto Raitio

  KEYWORDS: Preons, Standard Model, Gravity, Torsion, Black Holes

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Access Library Journal, Vol.4 No.5, May 16, 2017

  ABSTRACT: A previous spin 1/2 preon model for the substructure of the standard model quarks and leptons is complemented to provide particle classification group, preon interactions and a tentative model of black holes. The goal of this study is to analyze a phenomenological theory of all interactions. A minimal amount of physical assumptions are made and only experimentally verified global and gauge groups are employed: SLq(2), the three of the standard model and the full Poincaré group. Gravity theory with torsion is introduced producing an axial-vector field coupled to preons. The mass of the axial-vector particle is estimated to be near the GUT scale. The boson can materialize above this scale and gain further mass to become a black hole at Planck mass while massless preons may form the horizon. A particle-black hole duality is proposed.