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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Small Molecule-Assisted PET: Approaches to Imaging of Conformational Diseases of the Brain

  AUTHORS: Margit Pissarek

  KEYWORDS: Conformational Diseases, PET, Small Molecule Ligands, Brain, Tau Protein, α-Synuclein, PrP

  JOURNAL NAME: World Journal of Neuroscience, Vol.7 No.1, February 9, 2017

  ABSTRACT: PET (positron emission tomography) in vivo imaging of cerebral conformational diseases is essentially based on non-peptide small molecule ligands used to detect early alterations in peptide secondary structures and subsequent accumulation of aberrant oligomers and protein deposits involved in progressive neurodegeneration, cognitive and movement disorders. In this article, an overview is given about tracers currently available and lead structures of potential PET probes for detection ofβ-amyloid (Aβ), tau protein, α-synuclein, constitutive (PrPc) and infectious isoforms (PrPsc) of prions (proteinaceous infectious particles) as imaging targets. Whereas the styrylpyridine derivative florbetapir, approved for clinical applications, the stilbene derivative florbetaben and the benzoxazole derivative BF227 show high affinity binding to Aβ, preclinical investigations promise improved pharmacokinetics for benzoimidazothiazoles, aryloxazoles and benzofuran derivatives. Tau protein imaging based clinically, presently, on the pyridine-pyridoindole T807 has got new incentives following identification of a series of pyrrolopyridine quinolines and pharmacokinetic improvements of fluoropropoxy quinolines including for instance THK-5351. The pyridine isoquinoline MK6240 is involved now in clinical trials. Most forward-looking efforts apply to small molecule ligands of α-synuclein, which are expected to permit a breakthrough in differential diagnostics of Parkinson-related dementia and Lewy body diseases. However, at the moment the proposed lead structures are in affinity and blood brain barrier delivery properties below the possibilities of Aβand tau protein ligands. This is the case also for potential tracers of prion proteins.