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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Velocity Monitoring of Molten Steel in a Continuous Casting Mold Using Three Submerged Entry Nozzle Designs

  AUTHORS: Raul Miranda, Miguel A. Barron, Carlos A. Hernandez

  KEYWORDS: Computational Fluid Dynamics, Continuous Casting, Molten Steel, Mold Powder Entrapment, Submerged Entry Nozzle, Velocity Monitoring

  JOURNAL NAME: Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science, Vol.6 No.4, December 28, 2016

  ABSTRACT: The horizontal and vertical velocity components of molten steel in a slab continuous casting mold produced by three different two-port Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN) designs are monitored and compared using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. These two ports designs correspond to a conventional cylindrical SEN, a plate SEN and an anchor-shaped SEN. Four monitoring points at the molten steel in the centered vertical plane were selected to track the horizontal and the vertical component of the velocity vector. Two of them are located near the free surface and the remaining two are located in the vicinity of the SEN discharge nozzles. Some statistical values of the time series of above the velocity components are analyzed and correlated with the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and the Karman vortex streets, which cause mold powder entrapment in the molten steel.