TITLE:
Diabetic Ketosis Decompensations at the National Hospital in Benin (West Africa), What Did We Learn about the Precipitating Factors?
AUTHORS:
Comlan Jules Gninkoun, Adébayo Sabi Cossi Alassani, Yempabou Sagna, Philippe Adjagba, François Djrolo
KEYWORDS:
Ketoacidosis, Diabetes, Complications, Ketosis-Prone
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Diabetes Mellitus,
Vol.6 No.4,
November
23,
2016
ABSTRACT: We performed
a retrospective study on diabetic ketosis decompensations in 101 diabetic
patients in Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Service of the National Hospital
and Universitary Koutoukou Hubert Maga (CNHU-HKM) for a period of 3 years.
Objective: The main objective of the study was to identify the underlying factors
of ketosis decompensations for a more focused education program. Results: The
mean age was 43.84 years. In half of cases (49.5%), the ketosis decompensations
were inaugural for the diabetes. Type 2 diabetes was predominant with a
frequency of 85.1% versus 14.9% for type 1 diabetes. The overall prevalence
rate of ketosis decompensations was 21.82%. The precipitating factors were
infections (51.49%) and treatment withdrawal (25.74%). The average blood
glucose was 4.46 g/L with ranges of 1.86 g/L and 13 g/L. The outcome was
favorable in 89.1% of cases. The mortality rate was 7.9%. The average hospital
stay was 13.23 days. Conclusion: This study showed that ketosis decompensations
are still frequent. The main precipitating factors are infection and
therapeutic noncompliance. Preventive actions are needed through screening
programs, regular monitoring and targeted education.