TITLE:
Rice Yield Gap Minimization in Central Bangladesh: Using and Adapting Existing Technologies
AUTHORS:
Md. Khairul Quais, Md. Mahbubur Rahman Dewan, Amina Khatun, Hasina Sultana
KEYWORDS:
Rice-Rice Cropping System, Yield Gap, Productivity, Net Profit
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Access Library Journal,
Vol.2 No.7,
July
6,
2015
ABSTRACT:
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the dry season (Boro) followed by rice
in the wet season (Aman) is the major cereal cropping system in Bangladesh. The
average productivity (7 Mg·ha﹣1) of this system is far below attainable
yields (14 Mg·ha﹣1) in farmers’ fields, resulting in a large yield
gap mainly due to farmers’ traditional management practices. Narrowing yield
gap is a vital complementary strategy in
improving rice yield and consequently enhancing food security. We evaluated
BRRI recommended management practices, BRRI recommended management
practices along with two N management options
(leaf color chart and Urea Super Granule) and farmers’ crop management practices integrated with quality seed, leaf color
chart (LCC) and Urea Super Granule (USG) in farmers’ fields of Kapasia,
Gazipur over 6 contiguous seasons during 2009-2012. Across years, all the management
options increased grain yields compared with the farmers’ practice (FP) by 1.12
Mg·ha﹣1 in Aman and 0.84 Mg·ha﹣1 in Boro season. The
higher yield response (43%) occurred with BRRI recommended management practices
followed by BRRI recommended management practices in combination with Urea
Super Granule (42%) as N source (BRRI-USG). Yield advantage of 41% could be
attained by BRRI recommended management practices with leaf color chart (LCC)
aided N management (BRRI-LCC) while this was 22%, 13% and 13% higher than FP
(farmer’s practice) when only quality seeds, USG and LCC were used with
farmers’ management practice. BRRI Rec., BRRI-LCC and BRRI-USG·management
options reduce the yield gap of FP by 41%, with an average of 2.87 Mg·ha﹣1.
When farmers adopted FP-QS, FP-USG and FP-LCC management options, they reduced
the yield gap of FP by 21%, 13% and 12%, with an average of 1.49, 0.88 and 0.81
Mg·ha﹣1, respectively. The average added net returns with BRRI Rec.,
BRRI-LCC and BRRI-USG·management options were US$175 to US$362 ha﹣1 in the wet season and US $158 to US $263 ha﹣1 in the dry season. BRRI
management practices and BRRI management practices integrated with two N
management options, either LCC or USG has the potential to boost rice yield and
consequently total rice production in Bangladesh.