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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Establishment and Effects of Ginger and Kikyoto of a Haloperidol-Induced Dysphagia Model in Guinea Pigs

  AUTHORS: Takahiro Mizoguchi, Mitsue Ishisaka, Yui Kobatake, Hiroaki Kamishina, Yasuhiko Nishioka, Tsukasa Kirimoto, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Hideaki Hara

  KEYWORDS: Dysphagia, Guinea Pig, Videofluoroscopic Examination of Swallowing, Haloperidol, Ginger

  JOURNAL NAME: Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Vol.7 No.2, February 22, 2016

  ABSTRACT: Dysphagia induces aspiration and causes aspiration pneumonia. There is no treatment for dysphagia fundamentally. Haloperidol reportedly induces dysphagia. In the present study, we established a haloperidol-induced dysphagia model in guinea pigs, and evaluated the effects of ginger, kikyoto, and a mixture of ginger and kikyoto on swallowing. Swallowing ability was evaluated using behavioral tests, computed tomography (CT), and videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing. To investigate the effect of ginger and kikyoto on swallowing, ginger, kikyoto, or a mixture of ginger and kikyoto was administered orally to guinea pigs with haloperidol-induced dysphagia. Effects of these compounds were evaluated with behavioral tests. Chronic administration of haloperidol reduced the number of swallows, as evaluated by the behavioral test and videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing. In our model, these compounds improved swallowing dysfunction. Our results suggest that this model might be useful in revealing the pathogenesis of dysphagia and evaluating compounds that might improve swallowing.