Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae at General Hospital in the Central Region of Japan from December 2013 to February 2014

Masaaki Minami^1*, Ryoko Sakakibara², Taichi Imura², Hideo Morita², Naoto Kanemaki³, Michio Ohta⁴

¹Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
²Department of Clinical Investigation, Daido Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
³Department of Gastroenterology, Daido Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
⁴School of Nursing, Sugiyama Jyogakuen University, Nagoya, Japan.

DOI: 10.4236/jbm.2014.26003                

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumonia infection is important cause of morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to find out the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates at general hospitalin the central region of Japan from December 2013 to February 2014. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified by standard laboratory procedure. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by micro dilution assay according to CLSI recommendation. One hundred fifty-three Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated among which 80 (52.2%) were males and 73 (47.8%) were females. Nasal discharge (134%/87.6%) contributed more than other biological materials. The age incidence of (0 - 1) years, (1 - 10) years, (11 - 40) years, (41 - 60) years and >60 years age groups were 26 (17.0%), 110 (71.9%), 3 (2.0%), 10 (6.5%), and 4 (2.6%) respectively. Positive samples were received mostly from the pediatrics (137%/89.5%), respiratory medicine (12%/7.8%) and lowest from gastroenterology (1%/0.6%) and neurology (1/ 0.6%) department. Vancomycin and rifampicin were the most active antibiotics with 100% susceptibility rates. The next best were levofloxacin, penicillin G and ceftriaxone. Our study revealed that 82 Streptococcus pneumonia isolates had multidrug resistant ability (53.6%). Streptococcus pneumoniae infection spreads among community easily and inappropriate use of antibiotics contributes to their resistance. Continuous antimicrobial susceptible surveys are essential to guide policy on the adequate use of antibiotics to reduce the morbidity and mortality and reduce the emergency of antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Susceptibility, Antimicrobial Resistance, Multi Drug Resistance

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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