Potential Approaches to Improving Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons for Bioremediation of Crude Oil Pollution
Qingren Wang, Shouan Zhang, Yuncong Li, Waldemar Klassen
.
DOI: 10.4236/jep.2011.21005   PDF    HTML     12,235 Downloads   27,301 Views   Citations

Abstract

With increasing demands of fossil fuel energy, extensive exploration of natural sources has caused a number of large scale accidental spills of crude oil and resulted in some significantly environmental disasters. The consequence of oil pollution to environment and human health has brought a serious challenge to environmental scientists. Physical and chemical approaches to cleanup oil spills are too expensive and create adverse effects. Bioremediation has shown a great potential and competitive privilege because of environment friendly and cost effective. A number of efficient microbial strains have been identified and isolated, which can effectively degrade various components of petroleum oil. However, the biodegradation efficiency is usually limited by abiotic factors, such as temperature and pH, which are hardly to be controlled in the in situ condition but adequate oxygen supply and nutrient balancing are of importance to impact microbial functions. Therefore, this review especially addresses potential approaches to improving bioremediation of crude oil by supplying solid oxygen and adjusting C: N: P ratio to optimize microbial activities in order to improve the effectiveness and efficacy of bioremediation of crude oil pollutants. In addition, it also elucidates advantages of bioremediation, isolation of selective microbial strains, and evaluation of the biodegradation rates.

Share and Cite:

Q. Wang, S. Zhang, Y. Li and W. Klassen, "Potential Approaches to Improving Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons for Bioremediation of Crude Oil Pollution," Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 2 No. 1, 2011, pp. 47-55. doi: 10.4236/jep.2011.21005.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] S. Harvey, “California’s legendary oil spill,” Los Angeles Times, 13 June 2010. http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jun/13/local/la-me-then-20100613
[2] Anonymous, “Oil spill,”2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/oil_spill
[3] E. Bluemink, “Size of Exxon Spill Remains Disputed,” Anchorage Daily News, 2010. http://www.adn.com/2010/06/05/1309722/size-of/esxon-spll-remains-disputed.html
[4] B. Marsh, “Even With A Cleanup, Spilled Oil Stays With Us,” The New York Times, 6 June 2010.
[5] I. Mundi, “World Crude Oil Consumption By Year”, 2010. http://www.indexmundi.com/energy. aspx
[6] J. T. Tevvors and M.H.Jr. Saier, “The Legacy Of Oil Spills,” Water, Air and Soil Pollution, Vol. 211, No. 1, 2010, pp. 1-3. doi:10.1007/s11270-010-0527-5
[7] R. A. Khan and P. Ryan, “Long Term Effects of Crude Oil on Common Murres (Uria Eagle) Following Rehabilitation,” Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol. 46, No. 2, 1991, pp. 216-222. doi:10.1007/BF01691940
[8] J. Sikkema, A. M. deBont and B. Poolman, “Mechanisms of Membrane Toxicity of Hydrocarbons,” Microbial Review, Vol. 59, 1995, pp. 201-222.
[9] J. A. Calder and J. H. Lader, “Effect of Dissolved Aromatic Hydrocarbons on The Growth of Marine Bacteria in Batch Culture,” Applied Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 32, No. 1, 1976, pp. 95-101.
[10] S. Uribe, P. Rangel, G. Espinotal and G. Aguirre, “Effects of Cyclohexane, an Industrial Solvent, on The Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae And on Isolated Yeast Mitochondria,” Applied Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 56, 1990, pp. 2114-2119.
[11] C. Hansen, “Coral Reefs and Oil Spills: What You Might Not Know,” The Sticky Tongue, Herpetology, Zoology and Conservation, 2010. http://thestickytongue.com/2010/08/02/coral-reefs-and-oil-spills-what-you-might-not-know.
[12] K. Moriya and K. Horikoshi, “Isolation of Benzene-Tolerant Bacterium and Its Hydrocarbon Degradation,” Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, Vol. 76, 1993, No. 3, pp. 168- 173.
[13] E. A. Paul and F.E. Clark, “Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry,” 2nd Edition, Academic Press, San Diego, 1996.
[14] S. Harvey, I. Elashvilli, J. J. Valdes, D. Kamely and A. M. Chakrabarty, “Enhanced Removal of Exxon Valdez Spilled Oil from Alaskan Gravel by a Microbial Surfactant,” Nature Biotechnology, Vol. 8, No. 3, 1990, pp. 228-230. doi:10.1038/nbt0390-228
[15] J. G. Speight, “The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum,” Marcel Dekker, New York. 1999.
[16] N. J. Hyne, “Nontechnical Guide to Petroleum Geology, Exploration, Drilling, and Production,” PennWell Corporation, Tulsa, 2001.
[17] P. Wongsa, M. Tanaka, A. Ueno, M. Hasanuzzaman, I. Yumoto and H. Okuyama, “Isolation and Characterization of Novel Strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Serratia Marcescens Possessing High Efficiency to Degrade Gasoline, Kerosene, Diesel Oil and Lubricating Oil,” Current Microbiology, Vol. 49, 2004, pp. 415-422. doi:10.1007/s00284-004-4347-y
[18] I. Yumoto, T. Kusano, T. Shingyo, Y. Nodasaka, H. Matsuyama and H. Okuyama, “Assignment of Pseudomonas sp. Strain E-3 to Pseudomonas Psychrophila Sp. Nov., a New Facultatively Psychrophilic Bacterium,” Estremophiles, Vol. 5, No. 5, 2001, pp. 343-349.
[19] T. Ezaki, Y. Hashimoto and E. Yabuuchi, “Fluorometric Deoxyribonucleic Acid-Deoxyribonucleic Acid Hybridization in Microdilution Wells as an Alternative to Membrane Filter Hybridization in Which Radioisotopes are Used to Determine Genetic Relatedness among Bacterial Strains,” International Journal in Systematic Bacteriology, Vol. 39, No. 3, 1989, pp. 224-229. doi:10.1099/00207713-39-3-224
[20] S. H. Tzing, J. Y. Chang, A. Ghule, J. J. Chang, B. Lo and Y. C. Ling, “A Simple and Rapid Method for Identifying the Source of Spilled Oil Using an Electronic Nose: Confirmation by Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry,” Rapid Communication in Mass Spectrometry, Vol.17, No. 16, 2003, pp. 1873-1880. doi:10.1002/rcm.1127
[21] J. Olsen, “Pseudomonas degradation of hydrocarbons,” United States Patent # 4508824, United States Patent Office, 1985.
[22] R. G. Binder, K. Numata, D. A. Lowe, T. Murakami and J. L. Brown, “Isolation and Characterization of a Pseudomonas Strain Producing Glutaryl-7-Aminocephalospo- ranic Acid Acylase,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 59, No. 10, 1993, pp. 3321-3326.
[23] R. Yu, M. Nemati, G. Hill and J. Haddley, “Mass Transfer and Bioremediation of Naphthalene and Methyl Naphthalenes in Baffled and Bead Mill Bioreactors,” The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 84, No. 3, 2006, pp. 349- 355. doi:10.1002/cjce.5450840311
[24] N. Christova, B. Tuleva and B. Nikolova-Damyanova, “Enhanced Hydrocarbon Biodegradation by a Newly Isoloated Bacillus Subtilis Strain,” Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, Vol. 59c, 2003, pp. 205-208.
[25] A. Oberbremer, R. Muller-Hurtig and F. Wagner, “Effect of the Addition of Microbial Surfactants on Hydrocarbon Degradation in a Soil Population in a Stirred Reactor,” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 32, No. 4, 1990, pp. 485-489. doi:10.1007/BF00903788
[26] Y. Zhang and R. M. Miller, “Enhanced Octadecane Dispersion and Biodegradation by a Pseudomonas Rhamnolipid Surfactant (Biosurfactant),” Applied Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 58, No. 10, 1992, pp. 3276- 3282.
[27] J. E. Zajic and B. Supplisson, “Emulsificaiton and Degradation of ‘Bunker C’ Fuel Oil by Microorganisms,” Biotechlogy and Bioengineering, Vol. 14, 1972, pp. 331- 343. doi:10.1002/bit.260140306
[28] M. Sathishkumar, A. R. Binupriya, S. H. Baik and S. E. Yun, “Biodegradation of Crude Oil by Individual Bacterial Strains and a Mixed Bacterial Consortium Isolated From Hydrocarbon Contaminated Areas,” Clean, Vol. 36, No. 1, 2008, pp. 92-96. doi:10.1002/bit.260140303
[29] R. M. Atlas and R. Bartha, “Degradation and Mineralization of Petroleum by Two Bacteria Isolated from Coastal Waters,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 14, No. 3, 1971, pp. 297-308.
[30] P. G. Berwick, “Physical and Chemical Conditions for Microbial Oil Degradation,” Biotechnology And Bioengineering, Vol. 26, No. 11, 1984, pp. 1294-1305. doi:10.1002/bit.260261106
[31] M. P. Diaz, K. G. Boyd, S. J. W. Grigson and J. G. Burgess, “Biodegradation of Crude Oil Across a Wide Range Of Salinities by an Extremely Halotolerant Bacterial Consortium Mpd-M, Immobilized onto Polypropylene Fibers,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 79, 2002, pp. 145-153. doi:10.1002/bit.10318
[32] P. Moslemy, R. J. Neufeld and S. R. Guiot, “Biodegradation of Gasoline by Gellan Gum-Encapsulated Bacterial Cells,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 80, No. 2, 2002, pp. 175-184. doi:10.1002/bit.10358
[33] H. Bettmann and H. J. Rehm, “Degradation of Phenol by Polymer Entrapped Microorganisms,” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 20, No. 5, 1984, pp. 285- 290. doi:10.1007/BF00270587
[34] S. Manohar and T. B. Karegoudar, “Degradation of Naphthalene by Cells of Pseudomonas Sp. Strain Ngk 1 Immobilized in Alginate, Agar and Polyacrylamid,” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 49, No. 6, 1998, pp. 785-792. doi:10.1007/s002530051247
[35] M. L. Paje, P. Marks and I. Couperwhite, “Degradation of Benzene by a Rhodococcus Sp. Using Immobilized Cell Systems,” World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 14, 1998, pp. 675-680. doi:10.1023/A:1008898922908
[36] B. M. Hall, A. J. CcLoughlin, K. T. Leung, J. T. Trevors and H. Lee, “Transport and Survival of Alginate-En- capsu-Lated And Free Lux-Lac Marked Pseudononas Areruginousa UG2Lr Cells in Soil,” FEMS Microbiology and Ecology, Vol. 26, 1998, pp. 51-61. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.1998.tb01561.x
[37] T. Suzuki, T. Yamaguchi and M. Ishida, “Immobilization of Prototheca Zopfi in Calcium-Alginate Beads for the Degradation of Hydrocarbons,” Process of Biochemistry, Vol. 33, 1998, pp. 541-546. doi:10.1016/S0032-9592(98)00022-3
[38] H. Wang and Y. Chen, “The Microbial Hydrocarbon Diet,” Science and Technology News, 2005. http://www.physorg.com/news163937198.html
[39] V. A. P. Martins dos Santos, M. M. Yakimov, K. N. Timmis and P. N. Golyshin, “Genomic Insights into Oil Biodegradation in Marine Systems: Chapter 9,” E. Diaz Ed., Microbial Biodegradation: Genomics and Molecular Biology, Caister Academic Press, U.K., 2008.
[40] A. Mittal and P. Singh, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degradation by Developed Consortium in Microcosms Study,” The Internet Journal of Microbiology, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2009, pp. 1-12.
[41] G. Soli and E. M. Bens, “Bacteria Which Attack Petroleum Hydrocarbons in a Saline Medium,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 14, No. 3, 1971, pp. 319-330. doi:10.1002/bit.260140305
[42] R. Atlas, “Microbial Hydrocarbon Degradation-Bioreme- Diation of Oil Spills,” Journal Of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, Vol. 52, No. 2, 1991, pp. 149-156. doi:10.1002/jctb.280520202
[43] D. Miethe, V. Riis and W. Babel, “The Relationship between the Microbial Activity of the Autochthonos Microorganisms of Pristine and Contaminated Soils and Their Potential for The Degradation of Mineral Oil Hydrocarbons,” Acta Biotechnologica, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1993, pp. 131-140. doi:10.1002/abio.370140204
[44] S. R. Peressutti, H. M. Alvarez and O. H. Pucci, “Dynamics of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteriocenosis Of an Experiment on Oil Pollution in Patagonian Soil,” International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, Vol. 52, No. 1, 2003, pp. 21-30. doi:10.1016/S0964-8305(02)00102-6
[45] J. S. Devinny and R. L. Islander, “Oxygen Limitation in Land Treatment of Concentrated Wastes,” Hazardous Waste And Hazardous Material, Vol. 6, No. 4, 1989, pp. 421-433. doi:10.1089/hwm.1989.6.421
[46] J. W. Davis, R. J. West and G. M. Kecka, “Enhanced Land Treatment of Petroleum-Contaminated Soils Using Solid Peroxygen Materials,” Remediation Journal, Vol. 7, No. 2, 1997, pp. 67-81. doi:10.1002/rem.3440070205
[47] R. S. Johnston, E. D. Osgood and R. R. Miller, “Analysis of Mixed Oxides of Calcium,” Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 30, No. 4, 1958, pp. 511-513. doi:10.1021/ac60136a018
[48] E. V. Ballou, P. C. Wood and L. Spitze, “The Preparation of Calcium Superoxide from Calcium Peroxide Diperoxyhydrate,” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development, Vol. 16, No. 2, 1993, pp. 180- 186. doi:10.1021/i360062a015
[49] J. S. Hashman, E. City, J. C. Renforth and V. J. W. Berkstresser, “Production of Calcium Superoxide,” United States Patent #3119665, United States Patent Office, 1964.
[50] R. M. Atlas and R. Bartha, “Hydrocarbon Biodegradation and Oil Spill Bioremediation,” Advances in Microbial Ecology, Vol. 12, 1992, 287-338.
[51] A. D. Venosa, “Oil Spill Bioremediation on Coastal Shorelines: a Critique,” S. K. Sikdar and R. L. Irvine, Eds., Bioremediation: Principles and Practice, Lancaster, PA, 1998, pp. 280-296.
[52] C. R. Johnson and K.M. Scow, “Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition on Phenanthrene Biodegradation in Four Soils,” Biodegradation, Vol. 10, No. 1, 1999, pp. 43-50. doi:10.1023/A:1008359606545
[53] J. T. Dibble and R. Bartha, “Effect of Environmental Parametes on the Biodegradation of Oil Sludge,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 37, No. 4, 1979, pp. 729-739.
[54] E. Riser-Roberts, “Bioremediation of Petroleum Contaminated Sites,” Chelsea, MI, 1992, pp. A173-179.
[55] R. Xu, J. P. Obbard and E. T. C. Tay, “Optimization of Slow-Release Fertilizer Dosage for Bioremediation of Oil-Contaminated Beach Sediment in A Tropical Environment,” World Journal of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Vol. 19, 2003, pp. 719-725. doi:10.1023/A:1025116421986
[56] M. Mathew, J. P. Obbard, T. P. Ting, Y. H. Gin and H. M. Tan, “Bioremediation of Oil Contaminated Beach Sediments Using Indigenous Microorganisms in Singapore,” Acta Biotechnologica, Vol. 19, No. 3, 1999, pp. 225-233. doi:10.1002/abio.370190309

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.