Added after Anoxia-Reoxigenation Stress, Genistein Rescues from Death the Rat Embryo Cortical Neurons

Arce Carmen, Arteaga José Luis, Sánchez-mendoza Eduardo, Oset Gasque Ma Jesús, González Ma Pilar

Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

DOI: 10.4236/nm.2010.12008                

Abstract

Estrogens and phytoestrogens have neuroprotective effect against neuronal damage induced by cerebral ischemia /reperfusion (I/R) injury. In preceding studies, the phytoestrogen effects have been assessed by administration previous to the ischemic period, conditions which are unusual to apply to the treatment of human stroke. Here we present a study on neuroprotection afforded by genistein on rat embryo cortical neurons subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by re-oxigenation, when added after the stress stimulus. At 1 and 2 h of OGD times and after 24 h of reperfusion, cell viability, necrotic, apoptotic and autophagic cell death and different parameters related to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction were measured in the absence and presence of 1 µM genisteine. We found an in-creasing loss of neuronal viability after 1-5 h of OGD which was only reversed in part by 24 h of reperfusion. These changes were preceded by increases in ROS generation, caspase-3 activation, LDH release and increase in LC3B lipi-dation, indicative of autophagia. Treatment with 1 µM genistein during the 24 h reperfusion significantly attenuated neuronal necrosis and autophagia induced by 1 and 2 h of OGD exposure. Genistein also decreased ROS generation and lipid-peroxidation induced by 2 h of OGD. These results suggest an important neuroprotective effect of genistein against transient post-ischemic-like conditions

Keywords

Cortical Neurons, Oxygen-glucose Deprivation, Brain Ischemia, Neuronal Death, Necrosis, Apoptosis, Autophagy,

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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