Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Tissue after Long-Term Implantation of Collagen and Polypropylene Meshes in Animal Models

Michail G. Christodoulou, Apostolos Papalois, Dionysios Mouzakis, Stefanos Zaoutsos, Theodoros Kouranos, Miltiadis Seferlis, Charilaos Katsifotis, Angelos Liapis

2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technological Educational Institute of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.
Department of Urology, General Hospital of Athens Polycliniki, Athens, Greece.
Experimental Research Center ELPEN, Athens, Greece.

DOI: 10.4236/oju.2013.33029                

Abstract

Purpose: Pelvic floor reconstructive surgery has grown significantly in recent years. A wide variety of available types of meshes exist but the safety and success has not been adequately proven. We sought to evaluate the effects on dynamic biomechanical properties of tissue after long-term implantation of synthetic and biological grafts. Methods: A total of 96 New Zealand white female rabbits (approximately 3 kg) were used, 72 of which were surgically implanted with acellular, collagen mesh (n = 36) or nonabsorbable monofilament polypropylene mesh (n = 36). There was a no mesh-rupture of fascia group (n = 12) and a second, no-mesh, no-fascia rupture control group (n = 12). In the 59 rabbits, of 72 (13 died) tissue was harvested 3 months (n = 24), 6 months (n = 23) and 9 months (n = 12) later, while in the fascia rupture group, tissue was harvested 6 months later. Tissue samples (2 × 2 cm) underwent dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) testing during which the dynamic rigidity and tissue damping capacities were measured. The statistical analysis was performed with General Linear Model with Tukeys post hoc testing (sPss v.17.0). Results: With respect to mesh type, the rabbit tissue in which polypropylene mesh was used showed the greatest dynamic rigidity. Those with biological mesh delivered the lowest rigidity results, while the two other groups had almost similar behavior. The meshes exhibited their highest relative dynamic tissue stiffening effect at 9 months. Conclusions: Biological mesh causes lower tissue rigidity, resulting in inferior mechanical response and thus seems to be inferior to polypropylene.

Keywords

Biomechanical Properties; Tissue Stiffening; Collagen-Polypropylene Meshes

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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