An Efficient Priority Based Routing Technique That Maximizes the Lifetime and Coverage of Wireless Sensor Networks

Imad Salah, Mohmmad A. Alshriedeh, Saleh Al-Sharaeh

Department of Computer Science, Fahd Bin Sultan University, Tabuk, KSA.
Department of Computer Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.

DOI: 10.4236/ijcns.2013.62012                

Abstract

Recent development in sensor technologies makes wireless sensor networks (WSN) very popular in the last few years. A limitation of most popular sensors is that sensor nodes have a limited battery capacity that leads to lower the lifetime of WSN. For that, it raises the need to develop energy efficient solutions to keep WSN functioning for the longest period of time. Due to the fact that most of the nodes energy is spent on data transmission, many routing techniques in the literature have been proposed to expand the network lifetime such as the Online Maximum Lifetime heuristics (OML) and capacity maximization (CMAX). In this paper, we introduce an efficient priority based routing power management heuristic in order to increase both coverage and extend lifetime by managing the power at the sensor level. We accomplished that by setting priority metric in addition to dividing the node energy into two ratios; one for the sensor node originated data and the other part is for data relays from other sensors. This heuristic, which is called pERPMT (priority Efficient Routing Power Management Technique), has been applied to two well know routing techniques. Results from running extensive simulation runs revealed the superiority of the new methodology pERPMT over existing heuristics. The pEPRMT increases the lifetime up to 77% and 54% when compared to OML and CMAX respectively.

Keywords

Wireless Sensor Networks; Energy-Aware Routing; Sensors Deployment; Priority Based Technique

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	W. Wilson and G. Atkinson, “Wireless Sensors for Space Applications,” Sensors & Tranducers Journal, Vol. 13, Special Issue, 2011, pp. 1-9.
[2]	I. F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam and F. Cayirci, “Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey, Computer Networks,” Vol. 38, No. 4, 2002, pp. 393-422. doi:10.1016/S1389-1286(01)00302-4
[3]	J. N. AL-Karaki and A. E. Kamal, “Routing Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey,” IEEE Wireless Communications, Vol. 11, No. 6, 2004, pp. 6-28.
[4]	F. L. Lewis, “Wireless Sensor Networks, Smart Environments: Technology, Protocols, and Applications,” In: D. J. Cook and S. K. Das, Eds., Smart Environments: Technologies, Protocols, and Applications, John Wiley, New York, 2004. doi:10.1002/047168659X
[5]	J. Lei, R. Yates and L. Greenstein, “A Generic Model for Optimizing Single-Hop Transmission Policy of Replenishable Sensor,” IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2009, p. 54.
[6]	J. Wang, Y. Niu, J. Cho and S. Lee, “Analysis of Energy Consumption in Direct Transmission and Multi-Hop Transmission for Wireless Sensor Networks,” 3rd International IEEE Conference on Signal-Image Technologies and Internet-Based System, Shanghai, 16-18 December 2007, pp. 275-280.
[7]	K. Akkaya and M. Younis, “A Survey on Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks,” Elsevier Computer Networks Journal, Vol. 38, No. 4, 2003, pp. 393-422.
[8]	D. Chen and P. K. Varshney, “QoS Support in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey,” Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Wireless Networks (ICWN 2004), Las Vegas, 21-24 June 2004, pp. 227-233.
[9]	S. Al-Sharaeh, R. Hasan and I. Salah, “An Efficient Routing Technique That Maximizes the Lifetime and Coverage of Wireless Sensor Networks,” 2nd International Conference on Digital Information and Communication Technology and It’s Applications (DICTAP), Bangkok, 16-18 May 2012, pp. 13-18.
[10]	M. Alqbilat, “An Efficient Power Management Heuristic That Minimizes The Power Consumption of Wireless Sensor Networks,” Master Thesis, The University of Jordan Library, Amman, 2010.
[11]	O. Ozdemir, R. Niu, P. K. Varshney, A. L. Drozd and R. Loe, “Feature Aided Probabilistic Data Association Filter for Ballistic Missile Tracking,” Proceedings of the SPIE, Orlando, Vol. 8064, 2011, pp. 806406-806406-11.
[12]	A. Misra and S. Banerjee, “MRPC: Maximizing Network Lifetime For Reliable Routing in Wireless Environments,” Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, Orlando, March 2002, pp. 800-806.
[13]	K. Kar, M. Kodialam, T. V. Lakshma and L. Tassiulas, “Routing for Network Capacity Maximization in Energy-Constrained Ad-Hoc Networks,” IEEE Societies of the 22nd Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications, San Franciso, 30 March-3 April 2003, pp. 673-681.
[14]	I. Stojmenovic and X. Lin, “Power-Aware Localized Routing in Wireless Networks,” IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, Vol. 12, No. 11, 2001, pp. 1122-1133. doi:10.1109/71.969123
[15]	J. Park and S. Sahni, “An Online Heuristic For Maximum Lifetime Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE Transactions on Computer Journal, Vol. 55, No. 8, 2006, pp. 1048-1056. doi:10.1109/TC.2006.116
[16]	S. H. Al-Sharaeh, A. Sharieh, A. Abu Dalhoum, R. Hosny and F. Mohammed, “Multi-Dimensional Poisson Distribution Heuristic for Maximum Lifetime Routing in Wireless Sensor Network,” World Applied Sciences Journal, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2008, pp. 119-131.
[17]	S. H. Al-Sharaeh, A. Sharieh and R. AbuElayyan, “Deployment Strategy Effect on Maximizing the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks,” 24th International Conference on Computers and Their Applications, New Orleans, 8-10 April 2009, pp. 122-129.