Dielectric Properties of Ni-Zn Ferrites Synthesized by Citrate Gel Method

K. Rama Krishna, Dachepalli Ravinder, K. Vijaya Kumar, Utpal S. Joshi, V. A. Rana, Abrham Lincon

Department of Chemsitrys, P.G. College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
Department of Physics, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India.
Department of Physics, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, India.
Department of Physics, Malla Reddy College of Engineering & Technology, Secunderabad, India.
Department of Physics, P.G. College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

DOI: 10.4236/wjcmp.2012.22010                

Abstract

Ni-Zn ferrite with composition of Ni_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄ (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0) were prepared by citrate gel method. The Dielectric Properties for all the samples were investigated at room temperature as a function of frequency. The dielectric constant shows dispersion in the lower frequency region and remains almost constant at higher frequencies. The frequency dependence of dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) is found to be abnormal, giving a peak at certain frequency for mixed Ni-Zn ferrites. A qualitative explanation is given for the composition and frequency dependence of the dielectric loss tangent.

Keywords

Ferrites; Citrate Method; Lattice Parameter; Dielectric Constant; Dielectric Loss

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	X. He, G. Song and J. Zhu, “Non-Stoichiometric Ni-Zn Ferrite by Sol-Gel Processing,” Materials Letters, Vol. 59, No. 14-15, 2005, pp. 1941-1944. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2005.02.031
[2]	Y. Matsuo, M. Inagaki, T. Tomozawa and F. Nakao, “High Performance Ni-Zn Ferrite,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 37, No. 4, 2001, pp. 2359-2361. doi:10.1109/20.951172
[3]	P. S. A. Kumar, J. J. Shrotri, S. D. Kulkarni, C. E. Deshpande and S. K. Date, “Low Temperature Synthesis of Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 Powder and Its Characterization,” Materials Letters, Vol. 27, No. 6, 1996, pp. 293-296. doi:10.1016/0167-577X(96)00010-9
[4]	H. Su, H. Zhang, X. Tang, Y. Jing and Y. Liu, “Effects of Composition and Sintering Temperature on Properties of Ni-Zn and NiCuZn Ferrites,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 310, No. 1, 2007, pp. 17-21. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.07.022
[5]	J. L. Dormann and M. Nogues, “Magnetic Structures in Substituted Ferrites,” Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 2, No. 5, 1990, pp. 1223-1237. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/2/5/014
[6]	N. Rezlescu, E. Rezlescu, C. Pasnicu and M. L. Craus, “Effects of the Rare-Earth Ions on Some Properties of a Nickel-Zinc Ferrite,” Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 6, No. 29, 1994, pp. 5707-5716. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/6/29/013
[7]	A. E. Virden and K. O’Grady, “Structure and Magnetic Properties of Ni-Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 290-291, No. 2, 2005, pp. 868-870. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.398
[8]	A. M. El-Sayed, “Influence of Zinc Content on Some Properties of Ni-Zn Ferrites,” Ceramics International, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2002, pp. 363-367. doi:10.1016/S0272-8842(01)00103-1
[9]	Z. Zhong , Q. Li, Y. Zhang, H. Zhong, M. Cheng and Y. Zhang, “Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Ni-Zn Ferrite Powders by Refluxing Method,” Powder Technology, Vol. 155, No. 3, 2005, pp. 193-195. doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2005.05.060
[10]	A. Dias and R. L. Moreira, “Chemical, Mechanical and Dielectric Properties after Sintering of Hydrothermal Nickel-Zinc Ferrites,” Materials Letters, Vol. 39, No. 1, 1999, pp. 69-76. doi:10.1016/S0167-577X(98)00219-5
[11]	S. E. Jacobo, S. Duhalde and H. R. Bertorello, “Rare Earth Influence on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of NiZn Ferrites,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 272-276, No. 3, 2004, pp. 2253-2254. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.564
[12]	S. D. Shenoy, P. A. Joy and M. R. Anantharaman, “Effect of Mechanical Milling on the Structural, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of Coprecipitated Ultrafine Zinc Ferrite,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 269, No. 2, 2004, pp. 217-226. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00596-1
[13]	S. A. Morrison, C. L. Cahill, E. E. Carpenter, S. Calvin, R. Swaminathan, M. E. McHenry and V. G. Harris, “Magnetic and Structural Properties of Nickel Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized at Room Temperature,” Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 95, No, 11, 2004, pp. 6392- 6395. doi:10.1063/1.1715132
[14]	J. Sun, J. Li, G. Sun and W. Qu, “Synthesis of Dense NiZn Ferrites by Spark PLasma Sintering,” Ceramics International, Vol. 28, No. 8, 2002, pp. 855-858. doi:10.1016/S0272-8842(02)00064-0
[15]	A. Verma, T. C. Goel, R. G. Mendiratta and M. I. Alam, “Dielectric Properties of NiZn Ferrites Prepared by the Citrate Precursor Method,” Materials Science and Engineering: B, Vol. 60, No. 2, 1999, pp. 156-162. doi:10.1016/S0921-5107(99)00019-7
[16]	G. P. Lopez, S. P. Silvetti, S. E. Urreta and E. D. Cabanillas, “Magnetic Interactions in High-Energy Ball- Milled NiZnFe2O4/SiO2 Composites,” Physica B, Vol. 398, No. 2, 2007, pp. 241-244. doi:10.1016/j.physb.2007.04.024
[17]	C. Upadhyay, D. Mishra, H. C. Verma, S. Anand and R. P. Das, “Effect of Preparation Conditions on Formation of Nanophase Ni-Zn Ferrites through Hydrothermal Technique,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 260, No. 1-2, 2003, pp. 188-194. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(02)01320-3
[18]	L. Vegard, “The Constitution of Mixed Crystals and the Space Occupied by Atoms,” Zeitschrift für Physik, Vol. 5, No. 17, 1921, pp. 17-26.
[19]	Y.-P. Fu and S.-H. Hu, “Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Magnesium-Substituted Lithium Ferrite,” Ceramics International, Vol. 36, No. 4, 2010, pp. 1311-1317.
[20]	R. G. Kharake, R. S. Devan and B. K. Chougalu, “Structural and Electrical Properties of Cd-Substituted Li-Ni Ferrites,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 463, No. 1-2, 2008, pp. 67-72.
[21]	B. R. Karache, B. V. Khasbardar and A. S. Vani-gam, “X-Ray, SEM and Magnetic Properties of Mg Cd Fer-rites,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 168, No. 3, 1997, pp. 292-298. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(96)00705-6
[22]	R. D. Shanoss and C. T. Prewitt, “Revised Values of Effective Ionic Radii,” Acta Crystallographica, Vol. 1326, No. 7, 1970, pp. 1046-1048.
[23]	S. Mahalakshmi and K. Srinivasa Manja, “ac Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Behavior of Nanophase Nickel Ferrites,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 457, No. 1-2, 2008, pp. 522-525.
[24]	D. Ravinder and P. V. B. Redddy, “High-Frequency Dielectric Behaviour of Li-Mg Ferrites,” Materials Letters, Vol. 57, No. 26-27, 2003, pp. 4344-4350. doi:10.1016/S0167-577X(03)00093-4
[25]	N. Rezlescu and E. Rezlescu, “Abnormal Dielectric Behaviour of Copper Containing Ferrites,” Solid State Communications, Vol. 14, No. 1, 1974, pp. 69-72.
[26]	V. R. Murthy and J. Sobbhandari, “Dielectric Properties of Some Nickel-Zinc Ferrites at Radio Frequency,” State Solid Physics A, Vol. 36, No. 2, 1976, p. K133-K135.
[27]	K. Iwauchi, “Dielectric Properties of Fine Particles of Fe3O4 and Some Ferrites,” Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 10, No. 11, 1971, pp. 1520-1528. doi:10.1143/JJAP.10.1520
[28]	A. M. Abdeen, O. M. Hemeda, E. E. Assem and M. M. EI-sehly, “Structural, Electrical and Transport Phenomena of Co Ferrite Substituted by Cd,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 238, No. 1, 2008, pp. 75-83. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(01)00465-6