Author(s)

Anqi Wang^1,2, Xiangzhen Kong¹, Xiaodong Song¹, Bing Ju¹, Decheng Li^1*

¹State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
²University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Base saturation percentage (BSP) is an important soil chemical index in soil fertility and soil taxonomy. However, it is still unclear what exchangeable cation dominates BSP of soil in south China. Therefore, in this study, the data of BSPs and exchangeable H⁺, Al³⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺ and Na⁺ of 109 and 45 horizon samples of 50 and 28 soil species in red soil and yellow soil groups in the Database of Chinese Soil Species were used to explore further the characteristics of BSPs and exchangeable cations as well as the correlation between BSPs and exchangeable cations. The results showed that the concentrations of exchangeable cations in both red soil and yellow soil groups were in an order of Al³⁺ (4.55 ± 1.47 and 4.22 ± 1.2 cmol(+)/kg) > Ca²⁺ (0.32 ± 0.21 and 0.36 ± 0.24 cmol(+)/kg) > H⁺ (0.23 ± 0.13 and 0.19 ± 0.10 cmol(+)/kg) > K⁺ (0.16 ± 0.09 and 0.16 ± 0.11 cmol(+)/kg) > Mg²⁺ (0.13 ± 0.09 and 0.11 ± 0.08 cmol(+)/kg) > Na⁺ (0.08 ± 0.06 and 0.11 ± 0.06 cmol(+)/kg). For red soil group, Al³⁺ concentration was significantly higher than those of other exchangeable cations, Ca²⁺ and H⁺ concentrations were significantly higher than those of K⁺, Mg²⁺ and Na⁺; while for yellow soil group, Ca²⁺, H⁺ and K⁺ concentrations were significantly higher than those of Mg²⁺ and K⁺. BSP of red soil group was codetermined by Ca²⁺, Al³⁺, Mg²⁺ and Na⁺, with the contributions of 33.81%, 19.82% and 14.49%, respectively; while BSP of yellow soil group was codetermined by Al³⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺ and Na⁺, with the contributions of 24.91%, 21.55%, 19.91% and 14.21%, respectively. A higher concentration of exchangeable cation does not mean the higher importance of the cation to soil BSP.

Base Saturation Percentage (BSP), Exchangeable Cations, Correlation, Red Soil, Yellow Soil, South China

Wang, A. , Kong, X. , Song, X. , Ju, B. and Li, D. (2020) Study on Exchangeable Cation Determining Base Saturation Percentage of Soil in South China. Agricultural Sciences, 11, 17-26. doi: 10.4236/as.2020.111002.