Jaundice in the Newborn at the Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville - Open Journal of Pediatrics

OJPed > Vol.9 No.2, June 2019

Open Journal of Pediatrics

Volume 9, Issue 2 (June 2019)

ISSN Print: 2160-8741 ISSN Online: 2160-8776

Google-based Impact Factor: 0.45 Citations

Jaundice in the Newborn at the Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville ()

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Download as PDF (Size: 246KB) PP. 111-118

DOI: 10.4236/ojped.2019.92011 834 Downloads 2,413 Views Citations

Author(s)

Gaston Ekouya Bowassa^1,2*, Giresse Tsouassa Wa Ngono², Neli Yvette Ngakengni^1,2, Engoba Moyen¹, Koumou Onanga^1,3, Steve Missambou Mandilou², Georges Moyen¹

Affiliation(s)

¹Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien NGOUABI University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
²Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
³Department of Biochimy, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Jaundice is a major symptom during neonatal time. It is defined by a bilirubin ≥ 50 mg/l. Objectives: To determine the frequency of neonatal jaundice at the Brazzaville University Hospital, to determine the main etiologies, to evaluate the management, to specify the evolution. Patients and Method: It was a prospective and descriptive study that was conducted in the Neonatology Department and Biochemistry Laboratory of the University Hospital of Brazzaville, from 1^st August 2015 to 31^st July 2016. It included newborn children admitted into the neonatal unit for treatment of jaundice. The variables studied were epidemiological, clinical, etiological therapy and outcome. Results: The frequency of the neonatal jaundice is 7.2%. The hyperbilirubinemia as not conjugated was found in 99.1% of cases. The main causes are bacterial neonatal infection n = 102 (47.9%), the physiological icterus n = 46 (21.6%) and the ABO incompatibility n = 40 (18.8%). The treatment consists of the phototherapy in all cases. Each phototherapy session lasts 3 hours n = 99 (56.9%), 6 hours n = 58 (33.3%) and 12 hours n = 17 (9.8%). The average duration of the administering of the therapy is of 3 ± 2 days. Hyperbilirubinemia encephalopathy occurred in 62 (29.1%) cases, including 49 cases of kernicterus. The death occurred in 70 (32.9%) children. Conclusion: The importance and the gravity of the neonatal jaundice require primary preventive means based on proper care in pregnancy and the birth. While the secondary prevention includes high index of suspicion, comprehensive diagnostic equipment availability to prevent acute bilirubin encephalopathy.

KEYWORDS

Jaundice, Neonatal, Phototherapy, Bilirubin Encephalopathy

Share and Cite:

Bowassa, G. , Ngono, G. , Ngakengni, N. , Moyen, E. , Onanga, K. , Mandilou, S. and Moyen, G. (2019) Jaundice in the Newborn at the Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville. Open Journal of Pediatrics, 9, 111-118. doi: 10.4236/ojped.2019.92011.

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