Author(s)

Richard Azagoh-Kouadio¹, Jacob Slanziahuelie Enoh¹, Jean-Jacques Yao Atteby¹, Line Guei Couitchéré¹, Lassina Cisse¹, Yves N’da Kouakou N’goran², Kouadio Euloge Kramoh², Oulaï Soumahoro¹

¹Paediatric Ward of University and Teaching Hospital of Treichville, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire.
²Institute of Cardiology of Abidjan (ICA), Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire.

Background: Liquid pericarditis is a frequent cause of hospitalization in developing countries. Objective: of this study was to describe the etiological and evolutionary aspects of fluid pericarditis in pediatric cardiology at ICA. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 42 cases of fluid pericarditis diagnosed among 202 children hospitalized over a five-year period (1^st January 2009 to 31^st December 2014). All patients with pericardial effusion were included in the study. Results: Prevalence was estimated at 20.8% of hospitalizations, sex ratio was 1.1 with a female predominance (52%) and the mean age at 9.2 years (11 days to 15 years). The etiologic varieties identified were: tuberculosis 22 cases, 52%, rheumatic pericarditis 6 cases or 14.3%, chronic parietal endocarditis 5 cases (11.9%), bacterial pericarditis with trivial germ 3 cases (7.1% 3 cases (7.1%), post-surgery syndrome 2 cases (4.8%), umbilical post-catheterization 1 case (2.4%). HIV serology was positive in 11.9% of cases. The progression was favorable in 55% of the cases with 10% of deaths. Conclusion: Fluid pericarditis in children is a severe condition that is clearly on the rise today, especially in immunocompromised patients. Optimal management of fluid pericarditis in children is the best guarantee to avoid short-term tamponade and in the medium term constriction.

Pericarditis, Etiology, Evolution, Children, Tropical Diseases

Azagoh-Kouadio, R. , Enoh, J. , Atteby, J. , Couitchéré, L. , Cisse, L. , N’goran, Y. , Kramoh, K. and Soumahoro, O. (2017) Etiological and Evolutionary Profile of the Child’s Pericarditis in Tropical Environments. Open Journal of Pediatrics, 7, 164-177. doi: 10.4236/ojped.2017.73020.