Responses of Flowering Time to Elevated Carbon Dioxide among Soybean Photoperiod Isolines - American Journal of Plant Sciences

AJPS > Vol.7 No.6, April 2016

American Journal of Plant Sciences

Volume 7, Issue 6 (April 2016)

ISSN Print: 2158-2742 ISSN Online: 2158-2750

Google-based Impact Factor: 1.20 Citations h5-index & Ranking

Responses of Flowering Time to Elevated Carbon Dioxide among Soybean Photoperiod Isolines ()

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Download as PDF (Size: 541KB) PP. 773-779

DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2016.76071 1,763 Downloads 2,616 Views Citations

Author(s)

James A. Bunce^1,2, Wilbert Cruz Hilacondo^1,2

Affiliation(s)

¹USDA-ARS Crop Systems and Global Change Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA.
²Instituto Nacionale de Innovacion Agraria, La Molina, Peru.

ABSTRACT

Changes in the phenology of flowering in soybeans caused by long-term growth at elevated CO₂ may be important to the responses of seed yield to elevated CO₂. Here we utilized near-isogenic lines of soybeans differing in three genes influencing photoperiod sensitivity to determine whether these genes affected the response of flowering time to elevated CO₂. Six isolines of Harosoy 63 were grown at ambient (380 μmol?mol^-1) and elevated (560 μmol?mol^-1) CO₂ concentrations in the field using free-air CO₂ enrichment systems, in air-conditioned glasshouses with natural summer photoperiods, and in indoor chambers with day lengths of 11, 13, 15, and 17 hours. The effect of CO₂ concentration on flowering time varied with genotype, and there was also an interaction between CO₂ and photoperiod in all genotypes, as indicated by ANOVA. Elevated CO₂ accelerated flowering in some cases, and delayed it in other cases. For all three of the isolines with single dominant genes, elevated CO₂ decreased the days to first open flower at the longest photoperiod. At the shortest photoperiod, elevated CO₂ delayed flowering in all but one isoline. The all-recessive isoline had slower flowering at elevated CO₂ at both the shortest and the longest photoperiods, and also in the field and in the glasshouse. Delayed flowering at elevated CO₂ in the field and glasshouse was associated with an increased final number of main stem nodes. It is concluded that the E1, E3, and E4 genes each influenced how the time to first flowering was affected by CO₂ concentration at long photoperiods.

KEYWORDS

Carbon Dioxide Concentration, Flowering, Soybean, Photoperiod, Isolines

Share and Cite:

Bunce, J. and Hilacondo, W. (2016) Responses of Flowering Time to Elevated Carbon Dioxide among Soybean Photoperiod Isolines. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 7, 773-779. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2016.76071.

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