Author(s)

Nike Hendrijantini^1*, Utari Kresnoadi¹, Sherman Salim¹, Bambang Agustono¹, Endang Retnowati², Iwan Syahrial³, Pungky Mulawardhana⁴, Manggala Pasca Wardhana⁴, Coen Pramono⁵, Fedik Abdul Rantam^6,7

¹Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
²Department of Clinical Pathology, Airlangga University & Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
³Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
⁴Department of Obstetric & Gynecology, Airlangga University & Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
⁵Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University & Dental Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
⁶Laboratory of Stem Cell, Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
⁷Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Centre, Airlangga University & Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

The human umbilical cord is a source of numerous Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), making it as a potential source of allogeneic multipotent cell for bone tissue engineering. The aims of this study were to find: 1) Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hUCMSCs) phenotypic characterization, 2) The in-vitro osteogenic differentiation potential of hUCMSCs, 3) The cytotoxicity of gelatin solvent to hUCMSCs using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. As a result, through characterization of hUCMSCs, the majority of target cells expressed specific MSCs markers, Cellular Differentiation (CD)73, smaller number of subpopulation expressed CD90 with only minimal subpopulation expressed CD105 and all negative MSCs markers. Osteoblastic differentiation was found in a significantly high number of cells when in vitro osteogenic differentiation of hUCMSCs with Alizarin Red staining was done. Biocompatibility analysis using the MTT assay showed that gelatin solvent and Alpha modification of minimum essential medium Eagle (α-MEM) was non-toxic for hUCMSCs in vitro. The study concluded that hUCMSCs isolated from human umbilical cord was capable of undergoing in vitro osteogenesis, indicating its potential as allogeneic stem cells for clinical application in bone tissue engineering.

Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Phenotypic Characterization, Osteogenic Differentiation, Bone Tissue Engineering

Hendrijantini, N. , Kresnoadi, U. , Salim, S. , Agustono, B. , Retnowati, E. , Syahrial, I. , Mulawardhana, P. , Wardhana, M. , Pramono, C. and Rantam, F. (2015) Study Biocompatibility and Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hUCMSCs) with Gelatin Solvent. Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 8, 420-428. doi: 10.4236/jbise.2015.87039.