Author(s)

Thierry Raoul Gombet, Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet, Thibaut Naibe Gankama, Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga-Mbolla, Gilbert Fabrice Otiobanda, Karen Obondzo-Aloba, Benjamin Longo-Mbenza

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo Service of Emergency University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, CongoService of Cardiology University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, CongoService of Neurology University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa.
Service of Cardiology University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
Service of Neurology University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
Service of Reanimation University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.

Hypertension is not only an important risk factor, but also an important cause of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Its high prevalence in Africa reflects a high incidence of cerebral hemorrhage ranging from 30% to 60% against 10% to 20% in industrialized countries. The aim of our study was to determine the role of hypertension before the onset of intracerebral hemorrhage and its variations during the first three months. This was a longitudinal study conducted at the University Hospital of Brazzaville from 1^st January to 31^st August 2012 with all patients admitted for intracerebral hemorrhage. Patients with subarachnoid or pure intraventricular hemorrhage were excluded. The study variables were: history of hypertension, knowledge of its history, treatment, blood pressure on admission and during the first 3 months and the relationship between blood pressure and evolution. Statistical analysis was performed using the software SPSSS 16.1. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. During the study 261 patients were hospitalized for stroke, of which 82 (31.42%) were for intracerebral hemorrhage. The mean age was 55 ± 11 years and sex ratio of 2 men:1 woman. Hypertension was found in 80.5% of cases, of which 65.2% had known hypertension, but 82.6% had discontinued treatment. The mean systolic blood pressure was 194 ± 41 mm Hg and diastolic 104 ± 20 mm Hg. The location was deep in 85.71%. The normalization of blood

pressure was obtained from the second week. After adjusting for confounders using logistic analysis, only uncontrolled hypertension was associated significantly and independently associated with a higher mortality rate (p = 0.042).

 

Hypertension; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Brazzaville

Gombet, T. , Ossou-Nguiet, P. , Gankama, T. , Ellenga-Mbolla, B. , Otiobanda, G. , Obondzo-Aloba, K. and Longo-Mbenza, B. (2013) Hypertension and intracerebral hemorrhage in Brazzaville. World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases, 3, 523-528. doi: 10.4236/wjcd.2013.39083.