Is increased water consumption among older adults associated with improvements in glucose homeostasis? - Open Journal of Preventive Medicine

OJPM > Vol.3 No.5, August 2013

Open Journal of Preventive Medicine

Volume 3, Issue 5 (August 2013)

ISSN Print: 2162-2477 ISSN Online: 2162-2485

Google-based Impact Factor: 0.43 Citations

Is increased water consumption among older adults associated with improvements in glucose homeostasis? ()

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Download as PDF (Size: 151KB) PP. 363-367

DOI: 10.4236/ojpm.2013.35049 4,512 Downloads 6,502 Views Citations

Author(s)

Adrienne G. Clark, Elizabeth A. Dennis Parker, Jyoti S. Savla, Kevin P. Davy, Brenda M. Davy

Affiliation(s)

Department of Human Development, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA.
Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA.
Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA;.
Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA.

ABSTRACT

Obesity and impaired glucose homeostasis in older adults place these individuals at risk for diabetes. Dehydration, glucose homeostasis, and insulin resistance are related; while aging and dehydration are associated with decreased glucose tolerance, weight loss can improve glycemia. For older adults following hypocaloric diets, additional water consumption may lead to greater weight loss. Further more, research suggests an association between insulin resistance and the body water retention hormone, arginine vasopressin (AVP). Analysis of the association between plasma copeptin (an AVP derivative) and fasting glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) may provide further insight into the relationship between dehydration and diabetes risk. Our objective was to investigate the possibility that increased water consumption among older adults (n = 29, BMI = 31 ± 1 kg/m², age = 62 ± 1 years) could improve glucose homeostasis beyond that observed with weight loss, as well as associations between plasma copeptin and diabetes risk. This retrospective analysis utilized data from a previous investigation, in which obese/overweight older adults were assigned to one of two groups: 1) Water: consume 500 ml of water prior to three daily meals over a 12-week hypocaloric diet intervention, or 2) Non-water: hypocaloric diet alone. In the present analysis, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR, and plasma copeptin were evaluated, and compared to urinary specific gravity (USG), drinking water consumption, and body weight. Analyses performed using group assignment, volume of drinking water consumed or among a subgroup pair-matched for weight loss and sex did not reveal significant differences between groups. However in the full sample, plasma insulin concentration was associated with USG (r = 0.512, P < 0.01) and copeptin (r = 0.389, P < 0.05), and HOMA-IR was associated with USG (r = 0.530, P < 0.01) at week 12. Improvements in fasting insulin for water group participants (-8.5 +/-4 pmol/L) were also detected. Associations between hydration and insulin resistance support the need for future investigations addressing hydration status and diabetes risk.

KEYWORDS

Older Adults; Diabetes; Glucose; Water Consumption; Hydration

Share and Cite:

Clark, A. , Parker, E. , Savla, J. , Davy, K. and Davy, B. (2013) Is increased water consumption among older adults associated with improvements in glucose homeostasis?. Open Journal of Preventive Medicine, 3, 363-367. doi: 10.4236/ojpm.2013.35049.

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