Author(s)

Mochamad Yusuf, Mochammad Thaha, Raden Mohammad Yogiarto, Muhammad Aminuddin, Raden Mohammad Yogiantoro, Retno Handajani, Yasuhiko Tomino

Cardiology and Vascular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Division of Nephrology, Departement of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan..
Nephrology-Hypertension Division, Internal Medicine Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Tropical Disease Center, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia..

Introduction:Patients with CKD have elevated plasma levels of Asymmetrical Dimethyl Arginine (ADMA), impaired EDRF/NO responses in isolated resistance vessels, and a marked increase in the frequency of cardiovascular events that are predicated by plasma levels of ADMA. ADMA is considered as a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction, progression of chronic kidney disease and a marked increase in the frequency of cardiovascular events that are predicated by plasma levels of ADMA. Elevated ADMA in CKD have been related to a combination of a reduced renal ADMA excretion and a reduced catabolism of ADMA by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH). The current study was undertaken to determine whether there is a correlation between ADMA and SNPs at -449 DDAH 2.Subjects and Methods :It was a cross sectional analytic study, 56 hemodialysis patients and 30 healthy individuals were enrolled. Based on its etiology, HD patients group was further divided in to hypertension (HT) subgroup and non-HT subgroup. Genotyping of the polymorphisms was performed using PCR-based SNP detection methods based on 5’-exonuclease activity assays for rs805305.Results :Heterozygotes were observed as the most abundant genotypes in both groups, followed by GG genotype in the HD patients (30%) and CC (27%) healthy individuals. Among the HT subgroup, the mean plasma levels of ADMA were sequentially higher from genotypes CC, G/C and GG (p = 0.037). Further multiple comparisons between groups using post hoc test showed results that genotype GG and CC were different at 0.05 level of significance. These findings were not found among non HT subgroup.Conclusion: Genetic variation in the DDAH 2 genes is significantly associated with serum ADMA levels in hypertensive HD patients. We observed that carriage of a G at position -449 in the promoter region of the DDAH 2 gene is associated with higher ADMA levels.

ADMA; DDAH; Gene Polymorphism

Yusuf, M. , Thaha, M. , Yogiarto, R. , Aminuddin, M. , Yogiantoro, R. , Handajani, R. and Tomino, Y. (2013) Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase 2 Gene Polymorphism and Its Association with Asymmetrical Dimethyl Arginine in Hemodialyzed Patients. Open Journal of Nephrology, 3, 75-81. doi: 10.4236/ojneph.2013.31013.