Author(s)

Ghislain Edjo Nkilly^1*, Pascal Christian Nze Obiang², Raphael Okoue Ondo¹, Arthur Matsanga³, Stéphane Oliveira⁴, Léandre Nguiabanda⁵, Jean-Marcel Mandji-Lawson⁴

¹Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital (HIAOBO), Libreville, Gabon.
²Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Jeanne Ebori Fondation, Libreville, Gabon.
³Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Owendo University Hospital (CHUO), Libreville, Gabon.
⁴Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Akanda Army Training Hospital, Libreville, Gabon.
⁵Orthopedic Surgery Service, Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital (HIAOBO), Libreville, Gabon.

Background: Hip arthroplasty is a surgery with a high risk of bleeding. The main objective of this study was to research risk factors for bleeding and transfusion in patients undergoing hip hemiarthroplasty in Gabon. Method: It was a retrospective, monocentric, descriptive and analytical study carried out from June 2011 to June 2021 at the Omar Bongo Ondimba army training hospital. The variables studied were demographic characteristics, biological variables, transfusion and intraoperative data. The primary outcome was intraoperative transfusion. A univariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with the occurrence of a transfusion. Results: Of the 97 patients included, the average age was 74.2 years ± 10, male predominance was 73.2%, the average ASA score was 1.9 ± 0.5, and transfusion incidence was 38.1%. The average number of RBCs transfused was 1.2 ± 0.6. Tranexamic acid was used in 11.3% of patients. The average bleeding was 450 ± 453 ml. Preoperative anemia was predictor of transfusion to be significant. Conclusion: The incidence of transfusion is law compared to total hip arthroplasty. The implementation of a patient blood management protocol is difficult given the urgency of bone repair. However, a better use of tranexamic acid could reduce this transfusion incidence.

Hip Arthroplasty, Risk Factors, Patients, Hemiarthroplasty, Gabon

Nkilly, G. , Obiang, P. , Ondo, R. , Matsanga, A. , Oliveira, S. , Nguiabanda, L. and Mandji-Lawson, J. (2024) Intermediate Hip Arthroplasty in Gabon: Blood Loss and Risk Factor for Transfusion. Open Journal of Anesthesiology, 14, 109-117. doi: 10.4236/ojanes.2024.144008.