Author(s)

Günther Landvogt

Hamburg, Germany.

The presented circular current loop model reveals that charged fundamental particles such as the electron consist essentially of electric and magnetic energy. The magnetic properties have the same order of magnitude as the electric ones. The electromagnetic field energy is the origin of the inertial mass. The Higgs boson, existing or not, is not needed to “explain” particle mass. The magnetic moment of fundamental particles is not anomalous! The “anomaly” indicates the existence of a small additional amount of kinetic energy. Thus, fundamental particles are not purely field-like such as photons and not (essentially) mass-like such as atoms, they represent a special kind of matter in between. Their kinetic energy is obviously not due to any relativistic effect but is related to an independent physical law that provides, together with the magnetic energy, the angular momentum exactly to be ħ/2. Fundamental particles are (at least) two-dimensional. In the simplest case their core consists of two concentric, nearly identical current loops. Their relative design details, the “anomaly” factor, and the rotational velocity of the uniformly distributed elementary charge follow from the stability condition, i.e. electric and magnetic force balance, and do not depend on the particle’s rest mass! Fundamental particles are objects of classical physics. Their magnetic forces are the true origin of the weak and strong nuclear interactions. For their explanation bosons and gluons are not needed.

Electric Energy, Magnetic Energy, Rotational Kinetic Energy, Strong and Weak Nuclear Forces

Landvogt, G. (2024) The Circular Current Loop as a Model of Fundamental Particles. Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 10, 303-328. doi: 10.4236/jhepgc.2024.101023.