Author(s)

Elias Mano^1,2*, Rabièta Simde², Koï Wenceslas Kam³, Nadjatou Ouédraogo⁴, Désiré Dramane Abdoul Khader Sanou⁵, Rasmané Abdou Ouédraogo^1,2, Boubakar Ouattara², Pierre Alexandre Eric Djifaby Sombié², Souleymane Nacro²

¹Laboratory of Natural Substances and Technologies of Natural Products and the Environment (LABTECH-PRONE), Institute of Research in Applied Sciences and Technologies (IRSAT), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
²Central Horticulture Laboratory of the Regional Center of Excellence in Fruits and Vegetables of Bobo-Dioulasso, Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA), Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
³Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁴National Agricultural Training School of Matourkou (ENAFA), Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
⁵Institute of Rural Development (IDR), Nazi Boni University, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

About 80% of cowpea seeds are lost along with 30% of their weight after six months of unprotected storage due to attacks by Callosobruchus maculatus. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of applying bioinsecticides on the biological parameters of C. maculatus to reduce its damage to cowpea stocks. Four treatments including an untreated control and three doses of powdery extracts of C. nigricans, Z. zanthoxyloides and H. suaveolens, were compared in a Fischer block with four completely randomized repetitions. One hundred undamaged cowpea seeds were mixed with doses of each extract in Petri dishes and then fed as food substrates to ten pairs of C. maculatus for eight days. The extracts of H. suaveolens, C. nigricans and Z. zanthoxyloides all contain active ingredients including polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and alkaloids, etc. The extract of Z. zanthoxyloides was found to be more active on adults (100.00% mortality) followed by C. nigricans (98.75% mortality) and H. suaveolens (97.50% mortality) at 80 mg/g. Fecundity per female decreased significantly in the treated batches of 13.82 eggs for H. suaveolens at 10.12 eggs for C. nigricans at a dose of 80 mg/g. Germination rate of seeds was statistically raised to 100% at 60 and 80 mg/g by C. nigricans powder and lowered to 83.00% at 20 mg/g by Z. zanthoxyloides extracts. The application of Z. zanthoxyloides extract would be a less expensive alternative for the sustainable management of C. maculatus in cowpea stocks.

Cassia nigricans, Hyptis suaveolens, Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides, Biological Activities, Vigna unguiculata Pest, Burkina Faso

Mano, E. , Simde, R. , Kam, K. , Ouédraogo, N. , Khader Sanou, D. , Ouédraogo, R. , Ouattara, B. , Djifaby Sombié, P. and Nacro, S. (2024) Phytochemical Composition and Insecticidal Property of Native Plants against the Cowpea Weevil Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) for Natural Preservation of Cowpea Seeds. Advances in Entomology, 12, 56-66. doi: 10.4236/ae.2024.121005.