Author(s)

Samake Yaya^1,2*, Djanhan Lydie Estelle^1,2, Menin-Messou Benie Michele^1,2, Kouadio Kouadio Narcisse¹, Akanji Iburaima Alamun¹, M’bro Clausen Georgie^1,2, Boko Dagoun Dagbesse Elysee¹, Camara Sokhona¹, N’guessan Kouadio Ismael¹, Foua Bi Paul Hyacinthe¹, Keita Ismael¹, Vaho Magnificat Marina¹, Kone Minzata Yasmine¹, Doumbia Yacouba^1,2

¹Gynaecology-Obstetrics Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bouaké, Bouake, Ivory Coast.
²Mother and Child Department, Alassane Ouattara University, Bouake, Ivory Coast.

Introduction: Retroplacental haematoma (RPH) is a very serious complication of pregnancy, with life-threatening consequences for both the mother and foetus. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of patients with retroplacental haematoma (RPH) and describe the maternal-foetal complications at Bouaké University Hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional prospective, descriptive and analytical study carried out at Bouaké University Hospital over a period of 3 years, from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. All parturients with RPH whose delivery took place at the hospital were included in the study. Data were entered and analysed using EPI INFO software version 7.2.2.6. Results: We recorded 2,0959 deliveries, including 202 cases of RPH, representing an incidence of 0.96%. The 21 to 35 age group accounted for 64.4%, multigestas and large multigestas accounted for 58.5% and multiparas accounted for 41.6%. The main signs on clinical examination were metrorrhagia (100%), arterial hypertension (84.6%) and cervical cerclage (79.7%). Preeclampsia accounted for 50% of per-gestational pathologies. Maternal mortality was 12.9%. Morbidity was dominated by anaemia in 64.1%, followed by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in 21.8%, and the factors associated with this maternal prognosis were multiple gestations, multiparity, Sher grade IIIb and the occurrence of complications such as DIC, shock, renal complications and HELLP syndrome. Neonatal mortality was 79.2%, and the factors associated with these fetal prognoses were cup size ≥ 5 cm and hematoma weight ≥ 500 g. Conclusion: Better screening of at-risk populations, early diagnosis and treatment in an organised and equipped medical and surgical facility would improve prognosis.

Retroplacental Haematoma, Lethality, Bouaké and Prognosis

Yaya, S. , Estelle, D. , Michele, M. , Narcisse, K. , Alamun, A. , Georgie, M. , Elysee, B. , Sokhona, C. , Ismael, N. , Hyacinthe, F. , Ismael, K. , Marina, V. , Yasmine, K. and Yacouba, D. (2024) Retro Placental Hematoma: Maternal and Fetal Prognosis at the Maternity of the University Hospital of Bouake. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 14, 44-56. doi: 10.4236/ojog.2024.141006.