Author(s)

Nicaise Zagre^1,2, Ines Kinda², Abdoul Karim Ouattara³, Paul Ouedraogo^1,2, Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon^1,2,4, Caroline Yonaba⁵, Fla Koueta⁵, Jacques Simpore^1,2,3,4,5*

¹Hôpital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
²Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
³Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁴Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁵Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Introduction: Neonatal pathology remains a real public health problem in developing countries. In Burkina Faso, this mortality has declined over the last ten years but remains below compared to the Sustainable Development Goals, which is 12 per 1000 living births at most by 2030. This study aims to identify specific causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality and will contribute to the implementation of preventive and curative measures aimed at reducing neonatal mortality at HOSCO. Method: This was a retrospective study using the records and database of newborns hospitalized from January 1^srt, 2017 to December 31^srt, 2020. Using logistic regression, the factors associated with mortality were determined. Results: During the study period, 3020 newborns were hospitalized. Most newborns (83.71%) were referred by a peripheral health facility. The average age at admission was 0.3 days ± 0.9 and the sex ratio was 1.2. Prematurity was the leading cause of hospitalization (61.13%) followed by neonatal infection (38.34%) and neonatal suffering (23.88%). The mortality rate was 40.6% with 82.71% cases of death in the early neonatal period. The main causes of death were low birth weight (47.39%), respiratory distress (18.76%), neonatal suffering (17.37%) and neonatal infection (13.87%). Home delivery, gestational age < 36 weeks, number of PNC < 4, concept of resuscitation, Apgar at the 5th minute < 7, birth weight < 2000 g and >4000 g, respiratory distress, hypothermia, neurological disorders were factors associated with deaths. Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is influenced by both maternal and fetal factors and many of them are preventable.

Morbidity, Mortality, Newborns, Neonatology, HOSCO

Zagre, N. , Kinda, I. , Ouattara, A. , Ouedraogo, P. , Zohoncon, T. , Yonaba, C. , Koueta, F. and Simpore, J. (2024) Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality at Hospital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO): A Study from 2017 to 2020. Open Journal of Pediatrics, 14, 63-77. doi: 10.4236/ojped.2024.141007.