Author(s)

Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon^1,2,3,4*, T. Rose Clémence Ido Da¹, Nicaise Zagre², Pauline Belemkoabga², Denise P. Ilboudo^3,4*, Abdoul Karim Ouattara^3,4, Paul Ouedraogo², Jacques Simpore^1,2,3,4

¹Department of Molecular Biology, Hôpital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
²Faculté de Médecine, Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
³Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁴Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to document the dynamics of HBV viral load during the follow-up of chronic hepatitis B patients at the Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou (HOSCO) from 2017 to 2021. This descriptive retrospective study was carried out in the Hepato-Gastro-Enterology Department of HOSCO and focused on patients who were undergoing treatment for chronic viral hepatitis B. A total of 260 cases of chronic hepatitis B were included in the study. The most affected age group was 21 to 30 years, accounting for 48.08% of the cases. Lifestyle factors included alcohol consumption (3.08%) and tobacco use (2.69%). Major risk factors for transmission included lack of vaccination (98.46%), family history of HBV infection (68.00%) and engagement in high-risk activities (28.00%). Patients requiring treatment were prescribed Tenofovir 300 mg tablets. FibroScan^® showed the presence of stage F3-F4 fibrosis (2.14%) and S3 steatosis (13.33%). After one year of follow-up, 6.92% of patients achieved an undetectable viral load with normalized transaminase levels. The majority of other patients had a detectable viral load but below 20,000 IU/mL. The prevalence of viral hepatitis B remains significant worldwide. Although effective and well-monitored treatment can lead to undetectable viremia, prevention remains the most effective strategy for successful management of this disease.

Chronic Viral Hepatitis B, Viral DNA, Follow-Up, Evolution of Viral Load

Zohoncon, T. , Da, T. , Zagre, N. , Belemkoabga, P. , Ilboudo, D. , Ouattara, A. , Ouedraogo, P. and Simpore, J. (2023) Evolution of HBV Viral Load during Clinical and Biological Follow-Up of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients at the Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou. Advances in Infectious Diseases, 13, 550-563. doi: 10.4236/aid.2023.134045.