Author(s)

Oyuntsetseg Demed, Oyunchimeg Nyamsambuu, Zandarmaa Huvtsagaan, Boldtsetseg Jagdag, Baasanjargal Namsrai, Mandalsaikhan Chimed, Sarantuya Jadamba, Munkhjargal Ochirpurev

Govi-Altai Medical School, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

Background: More than half (54.4 percent) of adults, one in every six children under five years old (16.7 percent), and one in every eight adolescents (12.5 percent) are overweight or obese in Mongolia. Methods: The study was conducted during 2015-2018 including 500 children from kindergarten №5, 350 school children aged 6 - 18 years old, 320 civil servants aged 22 - 60, 250 people in private sectors in Yesonbulag, Govi-Altai province, Mongolia. Community based Cross sectional study was undertaken. Questionnaire was used to interview the study participants and anthropometry measurements were performed. Body mass index was calculated by Kettle index (BMI = weight (kg)/height (m²)) and SPSS-17 was utilized for statistical analysis of the data. Fasting blood was tested for parameters including glucose, high density lipoprotein, triglycerides, cholesterol in the blood test of 170 people using analyzer (SPOTCHEM^TM EZ model SP-4430, Japan). Result: 32% of the preschool children were at risk of becoming overweight, 10% were overweight, 8% were obese, 40% of school age children were overweight, 6% of them were obese and the obesity and overweight prevalence among adolescents were statistically significant (р < 0.0001) than the other age group children. 34.8% of the self-employed people were overweight, 56.8% were obese and 67% of men and 87% of women had central obesity. 74.4% don’t do any active physical activity or sports and 70% responded that there is a space barrier for doing sports activity. 38% of the civil servants were overweight and 30.5% were obese. The blood test for self-employed people revealed that 33.3% of them were at high risk of high cholesterol level and triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and glucose parameters were normal. 38.2% of the civil servants were at high risk of high cholesterol level. Conclusion: Preschool children are at risk of becoming overweight because of watching cartoons for long hours, use a lot of sweet cookies and drinks. 40% of school age children were overweight, 6% of them were obese and 23.3% of which were adolescents. The study participants often use sweet, carbonated beverages, fast food and don’t do any active physical activity and sports. 38% of civil servants were overweight, 30.5% were obese, 34.8% of the self-employed were overweight, 56.8% were obese and they don’t do any active exercises and sports anymore because of not enough space. The parameters in the blood test of the self-employed people, the cholesterol level was at risk of getting higher, decreased high density lipoprotein and triglyceride and glucose were normal. 38.2% of civil servants had high level of cholesterol in the blood parameters and total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein level tend to increase between 30 - 54 years old.

Children, Adults, Obesity, Overweight, Factors, Physical Activity, Test

Demed, O. , Nyamsambuu, O. , Huvtsagaan, Z. , Jagdag, B. , Namsrai, B. , Chimed, M. , Jadamba, S. and Ochirpurev, M. (2023) Obesity Prevalence in Yesonbulag, Govi-Altai, Mongolia. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 13, 1387-1402. doi: 10.4236/ojapps.2023.138110.