Author(s)

Gbèmahon Roger Houssou¹, Colette Sylvie Azandjeme¹, Nadia Fanou², Clémence Germaine Metonnou¹, Charles Jérôme Sossa¹

¹Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Ouidah, Benin.
²Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin.

Introduction: Low birth weight is a significant public health problem worldwide, particularly in low-and-middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of low birth weight in the lake areas of Cotonou. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study included 931 records of women who gave birth in 2022 in the Cotonou 1-4 health zone. Completed maternity records were included in this study, except for premature births and congenital malformations. Birth weight was the dependent variable. Sociodemographic, obstetrical, preventive care and child-related data were collected using a digitized form. These data were analyzed using SPSS software to determine the prevalence and factors associated with low birth weight using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of low birth weight was 16.30%. Factors related to this prevalence were non-use of mosquito nets during pregnancy (OR = 2.72; CI: 1.275 - 5.805), twin pregnancy (OR = 9.97; CI: 3.869 - 25.696), previous abortion (OR = 1.61; CI: 1.034 - 2.515), low number of pregnancy (OR = 3.97; CI: 1.276 - 12.393), trimester of first antenatal visit (OR = 3.47; CI: 1.821 - 6.638) and birth size less than 45 cm (OR = 5.98; CI: 2.965 - 12.083). Conclusion: The prevalence obtained from this study justifies the need to support pregnant women in this health zone. It is, therefore, essential to strengthen communication and health promotion strategies for women before, during, and after pregnancy.

Low Birth Weight, Pregnant Women, Lake Areas, Cotonou

Houssou, G. , Azandjeme, C. , Fanou, N. , Metonnou, C. and Sossa, C. (2023) Epidemiology of Low Birth Weight in the Lake Areas of Cotonou (Benin Republic). Open Journal of Epidemiology, 13, 218-234. doi: 10.4236/ojepi.2023.133017.