Author(s)

Samuel Kwaku Obeng^1,2*, Christiana C. Nyarko², Lewis Brew², Kaku Sagary Nokoe³

¹Research and Statistics Unit, Minerals Commission of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
²Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Mines and Technology, Tarkwa, Ghana.
³Department of Economics, Catholic University of Ghana, Sunyani, Ghana.

Forecasting mine production is pertinent to gold mining as it serves as production goals for investors. It is therefore important to identify the exact distribution that gold production as a response variable naturally follows. It is even more appropriate to have a model(s) with few predictor variables. This paper seeks to identify appropriate statistical distribution functions for fitting gold production in Ghana. The empirical paper relied mainly on quarterly secondary datasets on gold production between the years 2009 and 2022 secured from the Minerals Commission of Ghana, Accra. Several known statistical distributions including Weibull, Log-Normal, Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) were explored with Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and evaluated using model selection criteria as AIC, AICc and BIC. Goodness of Fits were evaluated using Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test (K-S), Cramer-Von Mises Statistic and Anderson-Darling Statistic. Based on the analysis conducted, the reduced modified 3-parameter Weibull distribution provided the best fit for gold production in Ghana. Though the reduced modified Weibull function is proposed, it is important however to recognize that other external factors can influence production levels. Also, the average quarterly fitted gold production is 1000334.8918 ± 75,327.080 (±7.5%) [i.e., 925,007.812 – 1,075,661.972]. This indicates that the average annually fitted gold production lies between 3700031.248 and 4302647.888 ounces at 99.9% confidence level. Therefore, the predicted gold production for the year 2022 is 3.7million ounces at 99.9% confidence level.

Gold Production, Statistical Distribution Functions, Goodness of Fit Statistics

Obeng, S.K., Nyarko, C.C., Brew, L. and Nokoe, K.S. (2023) Appropriateness of Reduced Modified Three-Parameter Weibull Distribution Function for Predicting Gold Production in Ghana. Open Journal of Statistics, 13, 534-567. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojs.2023.134027