Author(s)

Yves Yogne Poutoum¹, Luciane Marlyse Moungang^1*, Blandine Pulcherie Tamatcho Kweyang², Thierry Youmbi Fonkui³, Golda Reine Zame Meva’a¹, Aurélie Dzenga Njeunkam¹, Mouhama Sani Adams Ibn Rabiou¹, Moïse Nola¹

¹Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.
²Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.
³Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.

The objective of this study is the phytochemical analysis and the determination of the antibacterial activity of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts obtained from the leaves and bark of the trunk of Albizia zygia, against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi bacteria in aquatic microcosms. Phytochemical screening was performed as described by Pareck. The results obtained show that the hydro-ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Albizia zygia trunk bark recorded higher extraction yields (26.71% and 33.2% respectively) compared to the aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of leaves of the same plant. Secondary metabolites with antibacterial activities such as anthraquinones, anthocyanins, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins and saponins were found in both types of extracts. Flavonoids and anthocyanins were relatively more abundant than the other chemical constituents. The highest cellular inhibition rate of Escherichia coli was 99.88%, obtained after 9 hours of exposure in the hydro-ethanolic extract solution of trunk bark at the concentration 1.5 g/L. The Salmonella typhi rate was 99.95% after 9 hours of exposure of bacterial cells to the hydro-ethanol extract of the bark of the trunk at the concentration 1.5 g/L. This rate increased proportionally with the bacterial-extract contact time. The temperature of the medium did not significantly influence bacterial inhibition (P > 0.05). The obtained results justify the use of the plant Albizia zygia in the reduction of the flow of bacterio-pollutants contained in water intended for consumption.

Albizia zygia Extract, Phytochemical Screening, Bacterial Inhibition, Aquatic Microcosms

Poutoum, Y. , Moungang, L. , Kweyang, B. , Fonkui, T. , Meva’a, G. , Njeunkam, A. , Rabiou, M. and Nola, M. (2023) Evaluation of the Efficacy of Albizia zygia Extracts on Bacterial Inhibition in Aquatic Microcosm. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 11, 227-241. doi: 10.4236/gep.2023.117016.