Author(s)

Haoua Cissé^1*, Assèta Kagambèga^1,2, Soutongnooma Caroline Bouda¹, Abdallah Sawadogo¹, Nicolas Barro¹

¹Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire d’Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des agents Transmissibles par les Aliments (LaBESTA), Université Joseph KI-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
²Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Background: The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries such as Burkina Faso. This study aims to determine phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) from patients with diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methodology: Microbiological and biochemical analysis were done to detect two hundred and ninety-two (292) strains. The susceptibility of the strains to antibiotics was determined by the agar disc diffusion method. 16-plex-PCR assays were carried out to detect both virulence and resistance genes encoding betalactams, quinolones, phenicols, tetracyclines and virulence gene of DEC. Results: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was detected in 8% (23/292) of patients with diarrhea using the 16-plex-PCR and 39.1% (9/23) of the DEC detected carry at least one resistance gene. Resistance rate in disc diffusion test was 86.96% to tetracycline, 65.23% to cotrimoxazole, 17.4% to nalidixic acid, 17.4% to norfloxacin, 17.4% to ciprofloxacin, 13.04% to ceftriaxone, 13.04% to cefotaxime, 8.7% to gentamicin, 8.7% to Chloramphenicol, 0% to netilmicin. The prevalence of different resistance genes in the studied strains varied from 44.4% to 5.5%. The gene Tet coding for resistance to tetracycline was found in 8 strains (44.4%). The CatA gene coding for resistance to Chloramphenicol was detected in 38.9% of isolates. The qnrS, bla_SHV and bla_OXA genes were each detected in 5.5% of isolates. No strain hosts the qnrA, qnrB and bla_TEM genes. Conclusion: This study identified β-lactams, quinolones, phenicols and tetracyclines resistance genes in DEC isolates from patients with diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. These results indicate the need for a surveillance program to reduce the prevalence of resistance to Enterobacteriaceae strains in hospitals.

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Phenotypic, Genotypic, Resistance, Ouagadougou

Cissé, H. , Kagambèga, A. , Bouda, S. , Sawadogo, A. and Barro, N. (2023) Phenotypic and Genotypic Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Patients with Diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Advances in Microbiology, 13, 347-359. doi: 10.4236/aim.2023.137022.