Author(s)

Alpha Kone^1,2,3, Fousseny Diakite^1,4, Abel Mansaré², Mahamoud Sama Cherif¹, Mamadou Bassirou Bah^1,5, Sana Samoura^1,3, Souleymane Diakité⁵, Ibrahima Sory Barry⁵, Ibrahima Sory Sylla⁵, Elhadji Yaya Baldé⁵, Abdoulaye Bangoura², Mariame Beavogui^1,4, Mamadou Dadhi Baldé^1,5, Mohamed Lamine Kaba^1,4

¹Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea.
²Bel Air International Clinic CIBA, Conakry, Guinea.
³Cardiology Department of Sino-Guinean Hospital, Conakry, Guinea.
⁴Donka National Hemodialysis Center, Conakry, Guinea.
⁵Cardiology Department of National Hospital Ignace Deen, Conakry, Guinea.

Introduction: Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement (ABPM) is a non- invasive examination recommended for subjects at high cardiovascular risk, and those requiring a nocturnal drop in BP such as elderly and obese subjects, those with secondary hypertension or resistant, diabetics, subjects with metabolic syndrome or sleep apnea syndrome. The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of ABPM in the diagnosis and evaluation of the level of control of hypertension under treatment at the Bel Air international clinic. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study, carried out at the Bel Air International Clinic in Conakry (Guinea) between January 2019 and November 30, 2022. It included a consecutive series of 180 consenting patients recruited through an ambulatory measurement of 24-hour blood pressure from a FUGADA brand device. Results: We collected 180 patients, with a male predominance (sex-ratio M/F = 2.46). The mean age of the patients was 48.48 ± 14.23 years. The most represented age group was that of 32 to 42 years with 50 cases (27.8%) followed by that of 43 to 52 years with 42 cases or 23.3%. The indication was for diagnostic purposes in 106 cases 58.9%, the therapeutic evaluation in 58 patients (32.2%). The examination was prescribed by a cardiologist in 98 cases (54.4%), a general practitioner in 71 cases (39.4%), a neurologist in 11 cases (6.1%). In the therapeutic evaluation, high blood pressure was controlled in 24 patients (13.3%) and uncontrolled in 34 cases (18.9%). In the diagnostic indication, high blood pressure was confirmed in 79 cases (43.9%) with a statistically significant link (Chi² = 4.57 and p-value = 0.032). The nycthemeral mean was 187.27 ± 26.22 mmHg for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 110.37 ± 19.06 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure (DBP), during the day, 151.64 ± 21.45 mmHg for SBP and 71.59 ± 8.67 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure. During the study 65 patients (36.1%) were identified as dippers and 115 patients (63.9%) were no-dipping. The antihypertensive protocol used was monotherapy in 68 cases (37.8%), dual therapy in 46 cases (25.6%), triple therapy in 17 cases (9.4%). However 39 patients or 21.7% were not taking any antihypertensive. Conclusion: This preliminary study, despite the modest sample size, showed the importance of ABPM as a tool for diagnosis, monitoring of hypertensive patients and therapeutic adaptation. A large-scale national study would be necessary for the rational use of ambulatory blood pressure measurement in our context in order to improve the management of hypertensive patients.

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement, Guinea

Kone, A. , Diakite, F. , Mansaré, A. , Cherif, M. , Bah, M. , Samoura, S. , Diakité, S. , Barry, I. , Sylla, I. , Baldé, E. , Bangoura, A. , Beavogui, M. , Baldé, M. and Kaba, M. (2023) Clinical and Therapeutic Evaluation of Hypertensives According to the Practice of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement (ABPM) at the Bel Air International Clinic in Conakry from January 1, 2019 to November 30, 2022. World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases, 13, 327-332. doi: 10.4236/wjcd.2023.136030.