Author(s)

Djénéba Maïga^1,2*, Drissa Goïta³, Magara Samaké^2,4, Aboudou Messoum Dolo^1,2, Yohanna Koné¹, Aboubacar Sidiki Fofana⁴, Seydou Sy^5,6, Moctar Coulibaly⁷, Atabième Kodio⁵, Sahdit Baba Coulibaly⁵, Saharé Fongoro^5,6

¹Nephrology Unit of Sikasso Hospital, Sikasso, Mali.
²National Center for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST), Bamako, Mali.
³Service de Médecine, CHU Mère-Enfant le Luxembourg, Bamako, Mali.
⁴Nephrology Unit of the Fousseyni DAOU Hospital, Kayes, Mali.
⁵Nephrology and Hemodialysis Service, CHU du Point-G, Bamako, Mali.
⁶Faculty of Medicine of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
⁷Nephrology Unit of Mali GAVARDO Hospital of Sebenicoro, Bamako, Mali.

Introduction: Chronic renal failure is a real public health problem because of its prevalence, the cost of its management and the high morbidity and mortality rate associated with it. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency, causes and main aggravating factors of chronic renal failure in the medical department of the hospital of Sikasso. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study conducted in the medical department of the Sikasso hospital from January 1, 2021 to November 30, 2022. It covered all the records of patients with chronic renal failure hospitalized in the department during this period. The MDRD formula was used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate. The KDIGO 2012 classification was used to stage CKD. Results: Of 820 patient records reviewed, we retained 197 records. The mean age of our patients was 42.25 ± 10 years. The male sex represented 114 (57.9%). The socio-economic level was considered low and precarious in 79.8% of cases. The frequency of chronic renal failure was 24%. The reason for hospitalization was mostly hyper creatinine > 185 μmol/l (92.4%). Herbal medicine was reported in 103 cases (52.3%). Medical history was hypertension 101 cases (51.3%), undocumented gastro duodenal ulcer (UGD) 14 cases (7.6%), hypertension and diabetes 11 cases (5.1%), diabetes 8 cases (4%), lower limb edema 9 cases (4.6%). Hypocalcemia was 147 cases (75.6%) with hyper phosphoremia was 153 cases (77.7%). Hemoglobin level was: <6 g/dl, 44 cases (22.3%); between 6 - 8 g/dl, 77 cases (39.1%), from 8 - 10 g/dl, 54 cases (27.4%). The etiologies of CKD were vascular nephropathy 106 cases (53.8%), interstitial nephropathy, 44 cases (22.3%), glomerular nephropathy, 33 cases (16.8%), diabetic nephropathy, 12 cases (6.1%) and polycystic kidney disease 2 (1%). CKD was classified as stage 5, 171 cases (86.8%), stage 4, 11 cases (5.6%), stage 3, 13 cases (6.6%) and stage 2, 2 cases (1%.) Dialysis was performed in 1095 (5.3%) of our patients. All these patients started dialysis with a central line. Conclusion: This study reveals the high prevalence of chronic renal failure in the department and above all the late diagnosis at very advanced stages. This imposes policies of prevention and effective management of the responsible diseases.

Epidemiology, Clinical, Chronic Renal Failure, Sikasso, Mali

Maïga, D. , Goïta, D. , Samaké, M. , Dolo, A. , Koné, Y. , Fofana, A. , Sy, S. , Coulibaly, M. , Kodio, A. , Coulibaly, S. and Fongoro, S. (2023) Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Chronic Renal Failure in the Medical Department at the Hospital of Sikasso. Open Journal of Nephrology, 13, 57-66. doi: 10.4236/ojneph.2023.131007.