Transitioning to Automated Microbiologic Era: Blood Culture Isolates in Children and Adults in Federal Teaching Hospital in Gombe, North East Nigeria 2016-2020 ()
Author(s)
Elon Warnow Isaac1,2,
Iliya Jalo1,
Mohammed M. Manga2,3,
Abubakar Joshua Difa2,4,
Mercy Raymond Poksireni1,2,
Oyeniyi Christianah2,
Ibrahim Mohammed3,
Muhammad Saminu Charanci5
Affiliation(s)
1Department of Paediatrics, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Tudun Wada, Gombe, Nigeria.
2Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Tudun Wada, Gombe, Nigeria.
3Department of Community Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Tudun Wada, Gombe, Nigeria.
4Infectious Disease Training and Research Group Gombe, Gombe, Nigeria.
5Microbiology Laboratory Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Gombe, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Automated blood culture
systems for incubation and growth monitoring have become the standard in
high-income countries (HICs), but are still relatively expensive and not
universally available for implementation in
most low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We aimed to report blood culture isolates using Automated technique in children and adults admitted into
the Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe from 2016 to 2020. Materials and Methods: Blood Culture Isolates in children (0 - 18 years) and adults
(>19 yrs) by Bactec 9050 Automated culture system from 2016-2020 were
retrieved from the medical and laboratory register. Information analyzed
included, age, sex, month, and year and culture growth and reported antibiotic
sensitivity. A Bactec Blood culture tests is $20 in this facility. In Nigeria, the minimum monthly wage is $70 (Official currency exchange rate is
N423/US Dollar). Results: Of the 1713 blood cultures performed, children
0 - 18 years were 1322 (77.2%) and adult (19 years above) (22.8%). Overall
positivity was 733 (42.2%) with males 385 (52.5%). Of the 1322 Blood cultures
(BC) in children 615 (46.5%) were positive for isolates and adults 118 (30.2)%.
Blood culture positivity decreased with
increasing age with newborns 251 (34.5%) and adults > 65 years 18
(2.5%). Staphylococcus aureus constituted 61.3% of all isolates and was the leading isolates in all age
groups; Alkaligenes (9.1%); Citrobacter 8.1%, Klebsiella 6.7%; Pseudomonas 6.1%; E. coli 2.7%; Enterococcus 2%; Proteus 1%. Of the Antimicrobial resistance priority isolates E. coli susceptibility ranged
from 71% to Gentamycin and 100% to Cefixime; Klebsiella from 25% sensitivity to Amikacin to
78% each to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin; Salmonella was 100% sensitive to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and
cefuroxime. Klebsiella was 100% sensitive to Cefoxitin; Proteus sensitivity ranged from
35% to ampicillin and 100% to ciprofloxacin and cefuroxime. Staph aureus sensitivity was 35% to cefoxitin,
70% to amoxicillin/clavulanate and 70% to cefuroxime. Conclusion: Blood
culture yield by Automated method was high. Staph
aureus was the predominant pathogen and bacterial yield reduced with
increasing age. Antibiotic sensitivity was variably reduced against gram
negative bacteria.
Share and Cite:
Isaac, E. , Jalo, I. , Manga, M. , Difa, A. , Poksireni, M. , Christianah, O. , Mohammed, I. and Charanci, M. (2022) Transitioning to Automated Microbiologic Era: Blood Culture Isolates in Children and Adults in Federal Teaching Hospital in Gombe, North East Nigeria 2016-2020.
Open Journal of Medical Microbiology,
12, 184-203. doi:
10.4236/ojmm.2022.124016.
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