Author(s)

Sandrine Ouedraogo¹, Dissinviel Stéphane Kpoda^2,3, Lamoussa Paul Ouattara⁴, Cheikna Zongo¹, Yéri Esther Hien¹, Paulette Karfo⁵, Désiré Nezien⁵, Elie Kabre⁵, Algas Barreda Pillar⁵, Aly Savadogo¹

¹Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie Appliquées (LABIA), Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
²Centre Universitaire de Ziniare (CU-Z), Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
³Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie Microbienne (LAMBM), Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁴Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles et des Technologies des Produits Naturels et de l’Environnement (LABTECH-PRONE), Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁵Laboratoire National de Santé Publique (LNSP), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Background: Urinary tract infections are still a real public health concern. The aim of this study was to identify the bacteria strains involved in urinary tract infections and to determine their antibiotic resistance profiles. Methods: Two kinds of studies were performed. The retrospective study was carried out for 2 years (from January 2018 to December 2019), and the prospective study was extended over a period of 6 months (from January to June 2020). Isolation and identification of bacteria strains were performed using conventional microbiology techniques. The strains’ resistance profiles were determined by the diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton according to the criteria of EUCAST- 2015. Fourteen (14) antibiotic discs were used depending on the isolated germ. Results: A total of 187 bacterial strains were isolated from 82 men and 105 women. Among the germs identified, 77.54% were Enterobacteriaceae and 13.36% were cocci strains. Non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli accounted for 9.08% of the isolated bacteria. The results showed that the majority of Enterobacteriaceae strains were resistant to beta-lactams: 100% to amoxicillin, 98.75% to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, 41.76% to ceftriaxone, and 43.14% to ceftazidime. These findings were obtained with fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides: 50.09% with ciprofloxacin, 54.04% with norfloxacin, and 22.58% with amikacin. 8.75% of the Enterobacteriaceae strains tested were resistant to imipenem. The same trends were observed with non-fer- mentative bacteria. As for the gram-positive bacteria isolated during our study, 13.33% were resistant to vancomycin, 21.05% to gentamicin, 94.12% to penicillin G, 88.89% to ampicillin, 77.78% to cefotaxime, 63.63% to kanamycin, and 52.63% to erythromycin. Conclusion: This study revealed, as in other studies, that Enterobacteriaceae strains remain the most incriminated bacteria strains in urinary tract infections, with a strong resistance to antibiotics. It is important that actions be taken to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections and mitigate the spread of resistant bacteria.

Urinary Tract Infections, Enterobacteriaceae, Antibiotic Resistance, Ouagadougou

Ouedraogo, S. , Kpoda, D. , Ouattara, L. , Zongo, C. , Hien, Y. , Karfo, P. , Nezien, D. , Kabre, E. , Pillar, A. and Savadogo, A. (2022) Identification of Bacteria Strains Isolated in Urinary Tract Infections and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility at the National Public Health Laboratory, Ouagadougou. Open Journal of Medical Microbiology, 12, 83-95. doi: 10.4236/ojmm.2022.123008.