Author(s)

Elie W’ishe Sorongane

Physics Department, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

When the temperature of certain materials is lowered to exceed a certain value called the critical temperature, a state transition occurs: the system passes from the normal state to the superconducting state. A superconductor has two fundamental physical properties: a zero electrical resistance to direct current and a Meissner effect (the material repels any external magnetic flux). Lacking a suitable theory, physicists have attempted to explain the existence of this exotic low-temperature state using phenomenological approaches. In this work, we introduce a semi-classical (non-phenomenological) theory of superconductors. We demonstrate then that only the behavior of the gas of free electrons following the variation of the temperature in the metal explains not only the physical properties of the superconductors but also the existence of superconductors at high critical temperature. The critical temperature then plays the same role as the liquefaction temperature in a gaseous state-liquid state transition and the same role as the Curie temperature in a paramagnetic state-ferromagnetic state transition.

Superconducting State, Normal State, Critical Temperature, Free Electron, Electron Gas, Electron Density

Sorongane, E. (2022) Implementation of a Semi-Classical Theory for Superconductors. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 12, 1243-1253. doi: 10.4236/ojapps.2022.127084.