Research Progress in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Narrative Review by Etiology ()
ABSTRACT
Background: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung condition that
primarily affects preterm infants. Genetic predispositions, environmental
factors, prenatal, and postnatal risk factors have been associated with
bronchopulmonary dysplasia. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding these factors. Purpose: To examine the available information on pathogenesis and summarize the points
of agreement to generate concise information that can guide patient management
and spur further research. Method: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science
were used to search for studies that analyzed the risk factors associated with
bronchopulmonary dysplasia between 2006 and 2022 with the key search terms
“bronchopulmonary dysplasia, etiology, preterm birth, mechanical ventilation”. Results: This study found that the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia is
multifactorial, involving close interactions among these major etiological
factors and other minor risk factors. A
combination of mechanical ventilation, intrauterine factors, inflammation,
genetic predispositions, insufficient surfactants, docosahexaenoic acid, and
nutrition, among other minor risk factors, was all required
in one way or another to influence BPD development. Therefore, studies should
continuously update and incorporate the emerging information to assist
frontline healthcare workers and generate qualitative data for clinical trial
design and further research. Conclusion: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia is
different from other respiratory illnesses, and the pathogenesis of
bronchopulmonary is multifactorial.
Share and Cite:
Yusuf, S. and Chen, P. (2022) Research Progress in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Narrative Review by Etiology.
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
12, 554-568. doi:
10.4236/ojped.2022.123058.
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