Review: The In-Line Biosensors as Detectors for Chromatography ()
ABSTRACT
The review mainly describes the in-line HPLC biosensor for analytical
work as a promising detector/method of detection, its presentation, application,
and progress in use. The unique ability of the biosensor detector is
selectivity reaction on some pheromones, alarm substances, phosphor organic
insecticides, toxins such as cholinesterase inhibitors among which are chemical
warfare substances such as Tabun, Sarin, Chlorosarin, Soman, Ethylsarin, and
Cyclosarin. The olfactory system of fish Carassius carassius L. is used
as an in-line HPLC biosensor for analytical work. The olfactory system is built
to be a highly selective and sensitive detection device with incorporated
sensory-, primary filter-, primary multiplier- and selection regions for
odorants (by LOT, IMOT and mMOT
tracts). Olfactory neurons are nature’s constructed sensors. The spectrum of efficiency to relevant
substances varies greatly between the different species and is determined by
the olfactory receptors expressed in the sensory neurons. The detection
thresholds for the olfactory-relevant substances are commonly in or below
picomolar/L concentrations due to the integrative operation of the secondary
neurons in the olfactory bulb. In our laboratory, we have used the olfactory
system in the fish Carassius carassius L., as an in-line detector for
HPLC for recordings of the alarm substances and sex pheromones under
chromatographic separation. This approach was useful for detection of some
insecticides, xenobiotics, and toxins as cholinesterase inhibitors among which
are chemical warfare substances. In the publication (Brondz, 2015) High-Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC)
Equipped with a Neurophysiological Detector (NPD) as a Tool for Studying
Olfactory System Intoxication by the Organophosphate (OP) Pesticide Diazinon
and the Influence of OP Pesticides on Reproduction. International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography, 3, No. 1, pp. 14-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijamsc.2015.31002 was shown experimental work. However, in this paper
the explanations, discussion and conclusion were not sufficiently elaborated,
and they were conceptual to only the professionals and were directed to a
narrow spectrum of scientists. This review presents answers and explanations
that will be understandable and useful for a broad spectrum of scientists and
researchers as environmentalists, medics, biologist, toxicologist, specialists
in military intelligence and everyone interested in nature.
KEYWORDS
Biosensors,
Chromatography,
HPLC,
Electroolfactography,
Electroantennography,
Organophosphates (OPs),
Pesticides,
Warfare Toxins,
Endocrine and Sexual Activity Disruptors,
Behavioral Modifiers,
Pheromones,
Alarm Substances,
Neurophysiological Detector
Share and Cite:
Brondz, I. (2022) Review: The In-Line Biosensors as Detectors for Chromatography.
Voice of the Publisher,
8, 27-40. doi:
10.4236/vp.2022.82004.
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