Author(s)

Chunyu Dong^1,2, Min Zhang¹, Hao Zhang^1,2, Haichan Yang^1,2, Jiaqi Li^1,2, Fumin Tan^1,2, Xinxing Dong¹, Naiming Zhang^1,2, Li Bao^1,2*

¹Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
²Yunnan Laboratory of Improvement of Soil Fertility and Pollution Remediation, Kunming, China.

Yunnan province in China is a high background area of soil heavy metals, and agricultural planting and industrial and mining activities are relatively frequent, which aggravate soil heavy metal pollution. However, at present, there are few reports on the overall or large-scale soil-crop pollution and risk assessment of heavy metals in Yunnan Province. This study through 11 cities in Yunnan province of China farmland soil-crop systems of heavy metal lead, cadmium content, enrichment coefficient is analyzed, and using the method of potential ecological harm index, index of compressive quality to evaluate heavy metal pollution soil-crop system risk. Results showed that the average content of soil heavy metal Cd and Pb were 1.31 mg/kg, 64.17 mg/kg, which are higher than the background value of Yunnan province. The average contents of Pb and Cd in the edible parts of crops were 0.20 mg/kg, 0.08 mg/kg. The average content of heavy metals in crops in Diqing (Pb) and Nujiang (Cd) was 0.72 mg/kg and 0.148 mg/kg. The enrichment coefficients of heavy metals in edible parts of crops were the largest in Diqing (Pb) and Zhaotong (Cd). The average value of ecological risk index of Pb element in soil is 2.79, which indicates that the study area is in a slight ecological hazard, the average value of the ecological risk index of Cd in soil is 126.43. The average value of the comprehensive quality impact index (IICQ) is 4.27, which indicates that the study area is moderately polluted. In this study, the contents of heavy metals Cd and Pb in soils and crops in different administrative regions were determined, and the heavy metals Pb and Cd in soil-crop system of Yunnan province, China were evaluated, it is expected to have important scientific and theoretical significance for the safe use of cultivated land to export safe agricultural products and promote the sustainable development of agriculture in Yunnan Plateau.

Index of Compressive Quality, Heavy Metals, Soil-Crop System

Dong, C. , Zhang, M. , Zhang, H. , Yang, H. , Li, J. , Tan, F. , Dong, X. , Zhang, N. and Bao, L. (2022) Heavy Metal Characteristics and Comprehensive Quality Index Evaluation of Soil-Crop System in 11 Cities of Yunnan Province, China. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 10, 257-272. doi: 10.4236/gep.2022.104016.