Author(s)

Rowida Eljack Ibrahim¹, Sanaa Elfatih Hussein Ibrahim^1,2, Khalid Abdelsamea Mohamedahmed¹, Abdarahim Ali Babikir Haj Alzebar³, Rania Ali Abdella Mohamed¹, Adil Mergani Babiker⁴, Bakri Yousif Mohamed Nour¹

¹Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, Medical Laboratory Science, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan.
²Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia.
³Department of Histopathology and Cytology, Medical Laboratory Science, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan.
⁴Department of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan.

Background and Objectives: The cornerstone of the regulation fibrinolytic system is plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1. The 4G/5G polymorphism in the PAI-1 gene is a key genetic predictor of increased plasma levels which is the most polymorphism associated with cardiovascular complications. The 4G carriers have six times higher PAI-1 levels than 5G carriers leading to an increase in the level of plasma inhibitor by about 25% more than 5G allele (wide type). Type 2 diabetes presents symptoms of hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolytic system that lead to contribute in the atherothrombosis and then the myocardial infarction (MI). These findings supported the hypothesis that there is a link between diabetes patients and this SNP. There is no data about the prevalence of this allele in Sudanese diabetic patients with type 2 and the allele differs in prevalence according to ethnicity, for these reasons, the aim of this study was to determine the allele and genotype frequency of the rs1799889 among Sudanese T2DM patients. Methods: A case-control study was conducted using 70 diagnosed diabetes type 2 patients and 50 healthy individuals as the control group. AS-PCR technique was used to genotype the rs1799889, and the allelic frequency was calculated according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Allelic frequencies were assessed using gene counting (SNP-STAT software V. Release 3.13), and genotypes were scored. Results: The result showed that 4G allele frequency was 28% among Sudanese diabetic patients without statistical difference when compared with control group (P-value = 0.998) but, high when compared with other studies in African population 13% and very low when compared with white and Indian populations studies. Conclusion: By this study, the allele frequency was higher in Sudanese diabetic patients with type 2, and also we need another study to evaluate the effect of this polymorphism in thrombophilic complications in Sudanese diabetic patients with type 2.

4G/5G Polymorphism, Diabetic Mellitus Type 2 and PAI-1 Gene

Ibrahim, R. , Ibrahim, S. , Mohamedahmed, K. , Alzebar, A. , Mohamed, R. , Babiker, A. and Nour, B. (2022) The Frequency of rs1799889 in Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1 Gene in Sudanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Gezira State, Sudan, 2020-2021. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 12, 165-174. doi: 10.4236/ojapps.2022.122012.