Author(s)

Mamadou Ngoné Guèye¹, Mame Anta Camara¹, Gnagna Diouf¹, Salamata Diallo², Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba Cissé¹, Marème Polèle Fall², Mame Aïssé Thioubou³, Marie Louise Bassène², Daouda Dial¹, Mouhamadou Mbengue¹

¹Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, The Idrissa Pouye General Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.
²Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, The Aristide Ledantec Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.
³Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, The Ziguinchor Peace Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.

Introduction: Benign oesophageal strictures are defined as narrowing of the oesophageal lumen not related to neoplastic pathology. They are frequently encountered during endoscopic practice and are often responsible for a reduction in the quality of life of patients due to the appearance of dysphagia. In sub-Saharan Africa, little data are available on these benign esophageal strictures. The objective of our study was to determine the sociodemographic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of benign oesophageal strictures in a digestive endoscopy centre in Senegal. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study analysing reports of upper GI endoscopies performed between January 2015 and December 2017 in a hospital in Senegal. Reports that concluded to have non-neoplastic oesophageal stenosis were collated. Sociodemographic data, indications for and results of endoscopy, and therapeutic modalities were collected. These data were analysed using the Sphinx version 5 software. Results: We collected 101 cases of benign oesophageal stenosis, representing a prevalence of 2.1% in the endoscopy centre. The mean age of the patients was 34 years (range 2 and 83 years) with a median of 37.9 years. There was a female predominance with a sex ratio of 0.38 (73 females). Dysphagia, the main symptom, was present in 87 patients (86.1% of cases) with a Dysphagia score greater than or equal to 2 in 51 patients (50.5%). The average duration of this dysphagia, excluding caustic stenosis, was 4 years (extremes 1 and 15 years). Endoscopy revealed simple stenosis in 76 cases (75.2% of cases). A membranous ring of the cervical oesophagus, suggestive of the Plummer-Vinson syndrome ring, was found in 60 patients (59.4% of cases) and was the primary cause; other aetiologies were dominated by caustic stenosis (19 cases), Schatzki rings (8 cases) and peptic stenosis (4 cases). Endoscopic dilatation was performed in 90 patients (89.1% of cases) with Savary Gilliard bougies (87 cases) and hydrostatic balloons (3 cases). The average number of dilatation sessions was 1.69. In 10 patients (11.1%), refractory stenosis was observed. This stenosis could be resolved after further dilatation in 8 cases before the 8th session. In 2 patients, dilatation failed. Conclusion: Benign oesophageal strictures in our digestive endoscopy centre in Senegal mainly affect young adults, with a predominance of women. Diagnosis is often late. Cervical oesophageal rings in the context of Plummer-Vinson syndrome are the main cause. Oesophageal dilatation with bougies is of great therapeutic value.

Stenosis, Oesophagus, Plummer-Vinson, Dilatation

Guèye, M. , Camara, M. , Diouf, G. , Diallo, S. , Cissé, C. , Fall, M. , Thioubou, M. , Bassène, M. , Dial, D. and Mbengue, M. (2022) Benign Stenosis of Oesophagus: About 101 Cases in the Digestive Endoscopy Department of the General Idrissa Pouye Hospital (Dakar, Senegal). Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 12, 19-26. doi: 10.4236/ojgas.2022.121002.