Author(s)

Perales Caldera Eduardo^1*, González Lumbreras Aniza Surinam¹, Uribe Campo Giselle Andrea¹, Fernández Soto José Rodrigo¹, Medina de la Rosa Edoardo¹, Díaz Borjón Efraín², Bravo Reyna Carlos César³

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital ángeles Lomas, México City, Mexico.
²Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital ángeles Lomas, México City, Mexico.
³Department of Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico.

Background: Peripheral block techniques for total hip arthroplasty have been used as an analgesic strategy, only a few studies described it as an anesthetic technique, so the perioperative performance and safety are poorly studied. Methods: 78 total hip arthroplasties were prospectively observed in our hospital. Divided into 2 groups: 1) General anesthesia; and 2) Lumbar sacral plexus block anesthesia. Variables measured in both groups were: demographics, conversion to general anesthesia, total opioid doses, surgical time, blood loss, postoperative pain, use and total dose of vasopressors drugs, transfusion and ICU transfer needs, postoperative ambulation time, and length of hospital stay. T student and chi-square tests were used upon the case. A significant difference was considered when a value of p < 0.05 was obtained. Descriptive statistics were performed in frequency, percentages, variance and standard deviation. Results: 3 patients (7.3%) anesthetized with combined lumbar sacral plexus block were converted to general anesthesia. When comparing peripheral nerve block and general anesthesia, less intraoperative (p = 0.000) and postoperative (p = 0.002) opioid consumption were noted, less postoperative pain in PACU (p = 0.002) and in the first 24 hours (p = 0.005), as well as earlier onset of ambulation (p = 0.008) and shorter hospital stay (p = 0.031). Conclusions: In our study, the lumbar and sacral plexus block anesthesia technique provided anesthetic conditions to perform hip joint arthroplasty and it was proved to be advantageous in comparison to general anesthesia.

Anesthetic Technique Conversion, Opioids Requirements, General Anesthesia, Regional Anesthesia, Lumbar Plexus Block, Sacral Plexus Block, Lumbar Sacral Plexus Anesthesia, Success Rate

Eduardo, P. , Aniza Surinam, G. , Giselle Andrea, U. , José Rodrigo, F. , Rosa Edoardo, M. , Efraín, D. and Carlos César, B. (2021) Lumbar-Sacral Plexus Block Anesthesia versus General Anesthesia for Total Hip Arthroplasty: Case Control Study. Open Journal of Anesthesiology, 11, 259-268. doi: 10.4236/ojanes.2021.119025.