The poor heat chain observed in developing countries remains an important risk factor for premature death. Mother Kangaroo care (MKC) presents itself as an efficient alternative for the improvement of the conditions for raising premature babies to a poorly equipped area. The objective of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of the MKC and to identify the factors influencing said knowledge. This was a qualitative survey-type study that involved 50 people met in the pediatrics department of Jason Sendwe Hospital from March 1st to 31st, 2018. At the end of our analyzes, it comes out that 96% of people met had already been informed about the MKC method; only 42% of our respondents have a global knowledge of the MKC method; the age above 40 years old, the quality of a medical Doctor and the affectation to neonatology are the factors that are positively associated in an independent way with good knowledge of the method of MKC. The popularization of the MKC method must remain a priority in our under-equipped environments in order to considerably reduce neonatal mortality in general and the lethality of prematurity in particular.