TCP-R with EPDN: Handling out of Order Packets in Error Prone Satellite Networks

Arjuna SATHIASEELAN

.

DOI: 10.4236/ijcns.2009.27078                

Abstract

Studies have shown that packet reordering is common, especially in satellite networks where there are link level retransmissions and multipath routing. Moreover, traditional satellite networks exhibit high corruption rates causing packet losses. Reordering and corruption of packets decrease the TCP performance of a network, mainly because it leads to overestimation of the congestion in the network. We consider satellite networks and analyze the performance of such networks when reordering and corruption of packets occurs. We propose a solution that could significantly improve the performance of the network when reordering and corruption of packets occur in a satellite network. We report results of our simulation experiments, which support this claim.

Keywords

TCP, Packet, Reorder, Throughput, Drops, Congestion, Multipath, Satellite

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	J. Postel, “Transmission control protocol,” RFC 793, 1981.
[2]	V. Jacobson, “Symposium proceedings on communica-tions architectures and protocols,” California, pp. 314– 329, 1988.
[3]	G. Maral, “VSAT networks,” J. Wiley and Sons, 1995.
[4]	R. J. Leopold, “Low-earth orbit global cellular commu-nications network,” Proceedings of ICC’91, pp. 1108– 1111, 1991.
[5]	L. Wood, G. Pavlou, and B. G. Evans, “Effects on TCP of routing strategies in satellite constellations,” IEEE Communications Magazine, special issue on Satel-lite-Based Internet Technology and Services, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 172–181, 2001.
[6]	C. Ward, H. Choi, and T. Hain, “A data link control pro-tocol for LEO satellite networks providing a reliable datagram service,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Net-working, Vol. 3, No. 1, 91103, Feb. 1995.
[7]	H. Balakrishnan, V. N. Padmanabhan, S. Seshan, and R. H. Katz, “A comparison of mechanisms for improving TCP performance over wireless links,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) Archive, Vol. 5 , No. 6, pp. 756–769, December 1997.
[8]	H. Balakrishnan and R. H. Katz, “Explicit loss notifica-tion and wireless web performance,” Proceedings of the IEEE Globecom Internet Mini-Conference, Sydney, Aus-tralia.
[9]	R. Krishnan, P. G. Sterbenz, W. M. Eddy, C. Partridge, and M. Allman, “Explicit transport error notification for error-prone wireless and satellite networks,” Computer Networks journal, Elsevier, 2004.
[10]	A. Bakre and B. R. Badrinath, “I-TCP: Indirect TCP for mobile hosts,” Proceedings of the 15th International Con-ference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), 1995.
[11]	I. F. Akyildiz, G. Morabito, and S. Palazzo, “TCP-peach: A new congestion control scheme for satellite IP net-works,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 307–321, 2001.
[12]	S. Floyd, J. Mahdavi, M. Mathis, and M. Podolsky, “An extension to the selective acknowledgement (SACK) op-tion for TCP,” RFC 2883, 2000.
[13]	M. Zhang, B. Karp, S. Floyd, L. Peterson, “RR-TCP: A reordering robust TCP with DSACK,” 11th IEEE Inter-national Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP’03), Georgia, 2003.
[14]	A. Sathiaseelan and T. Radzik, “Reorder notifying TCP (RN-TCP) with explicit packet drop notification (EPDN),” International Journal of Communication Sys-tems, Wiley, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 659–678, 2005.
[15]	T. R. Henderson and R. H. Katz, “Transport protocols for internet-compatible satellite networks,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 345–359, February 1999.