Root and Canal Morphology of Maxillary First Premolar Teeth in a Ugandan Population

Charles Mugisha Rwenyonyi, Annet Kutesa, Louis Muwazi, William Buwembo

.

DOI: 10.4236/ojst.2011.11002                

Abstract

Aim : To determine the variations in the root and canal morphology of the maxillary first premolar teeth in a Ugandan population. Methodology : Extracted maxillary first premolar teeth (n = 202) were evaluated in this study. The specimens had their pulp chambers de-roofed. They were decalcified in nitric acid and made transparent with methyl salicylate. Indian ink was injected into the root canals to display their configuration. Results : One hundred and forty eight (73.3%) of the specimens had two roots, of which 16.9% (n = 25) had fused roots. About 26.7% (n = 54) of the specimens were single rooted. Eleven (20.4%) of the single rooted specimens had one canal of either Vertucci type I, III, V or VII configuration while 79.6% (n = 43) of the specimens had two canals of either Vertucci type II, IV or VI configuration. The two-rooted specimens exhibited Vertucci type IV and VIII canal configuration: 96.6% and 3.4%, respectively. The single rooted teeth had a higher prevalence of lateral canals, canal intercommunications and multiple apical foramina as compared to the two-rooted specimens. Conclusion : The maxillary first premolar teeth in this Ugandan population showed a higher prevalence of two-root morphology with majority of the roots having Vertucci type IV canal configuration. There was no three-root anomaly recorded in the present material.

Keywords

Clearing Technique, Maxillary Premolars, Root Canal, Ugandan

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Arisu, H.D. and Alacam, T. (2009) Diagnosis and treatment of three-rooted maxillary premolars. European Journal of Dentistry, 3, 62-66.
[2]	% Loh, H.S. (1998) Root morphology of maxillary first premolar in Singaporeans. Australian Dental Journal, 43, 399-402. doi:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1998.tb00199.x
[3]	% Pécora, J.D., Saquy, P.C., Sousa Neto, M.D. and Woelfel, J.B. (1991) Root form and canal anatomy of maxillary first premolars. Brazilian Dental Journal, 2, 87-94.
[4]	% Pineda, F. and Kuttler, Y. (1972) Mesiodistal and buccolinqual roentgenographic investigation of 7,275 root canals. Oral Surgery, 33, 101-110. doi:10.1016/0030-4220(72)90214-9
[5]	Carns, E.J. and Skidmore, A.E. (1973) Configuration and deviations of root canals of maxillary first premolars. Oral Surgery, 36, 880-886. doi:10.1016/0030-4220(73)90340-X
[6]	Vertucci, F.J. (1984) Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, 58, 589-599. doi:10.1016/0030-4220(84)90085-9
[7]	Walker, R.T. (1987) Root form and canal anatomy of maxillary first premolars in a southern Chinese population. Endodontic Dental Traumatology, 3, 130-134. doi:10.1111/j.1600-9657.1987.tb00614.x
[8]	Chaparro, J., Segura, J., Guerrero, E., Jiménez-Rubio, A., Murillo, C. and Feito, J. (1999) Number of roots and canals in maxillary first premolar: Study of an Andalusian population. Endodontic Dental Traumatology, 5, 65-76. doi:10.1111/j.1600-9657.1999.tb00755.x
[9]	Lipski, M., Wo?niak, K., Lagocka, R. and Tomasik, M. (2003) Root and canal morphology of the first human maxillary premolar. Durham Anthropology Journal, 12, 2-3.
[10]	Awawdeh, L., Abdullah, H. and Al-Qudah, A. (2008) Root form and canal morphology of Jordanian maxillary first premolars. Journal of Endodontics, 34, 956-961. doi:10.1016/j.joen.2008.04.013
[11]	Atieh, M.A. (2008) Root and canal morphology of maxillary first premolars in a Saudi population. Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 1, 46-53.
[12]	Vertucci, F.J. and Gegayff, A. (1979) Root canal morphology of the maxillary first premolars. Journal of American Dental Association, 99, 194-198.
[13]	Kartal, N., ?z?elik, B. and Cimilli, H. (1998) Root canal morphology of maxillary premolars. Journal of Endodontics, 24, 417-419. doi:10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80024-1
[14]	Ró?y?o, T.K., Miazek, M., Ró?ylo-Kalinowska, I. and Burdan, F. (2008) Morphology of root canals in adult premolars. Folia Morphology, 67, 280-285.
[15]	Rwenyonyi, C.M., Kutesa, A., Muwazi, L. and Buwembo, W. (2007) Root and canal morphology of maxillary first and second permanent molar teeth in a Ugandan population. International Endodontic Journal, 40, 679-683. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01265.x
[16]	Rwenyonyi, C.M., Kutesa, A., Muwazi, L. and Buwembo, W. (2009) Root and canal morphology of mandibular first and second permanent molar teeth in a Ugandan population. Odontology, 97, 92-96. doi:10.1007/s10266-009-0100-0
[17]	Scott, J.H. and Symons, N.B. (1982) Introduction to dental anatomy. Longman.
[18]	Yang, Z.P., Yang, S.F. and Lee, G. (1988) The root and root canal anatomy of maxillary molars in a Chinese population. Endodontic Dental Traumatology, 4, 215-218. doi:10.1111/j.1600-9657.1988.tb00324.x
[19]	Alavi, A.M., Opasanon, A., Ng, Y.L. and Gulabivala, K. (2002) Root canal morphology of Thai maxillary molars. International Endodontic Journal, 35, 478-485.
[20]	Ross, I.E. and Evanchik, P.A. (1981) Root fusion in molars: incidence and sex linkage. Journal of Periodonto- logy, 52, 663-667.
[21]	Gopikrishna, V., Bhargavi, N. and Kandaswamy, D. (2006) Management of a maxillary first molar with a single root and a single canal diagnosed with the aid of spiral CT: A case report. Journal of Endodontics, 32, 687-691. doi:10.1016/j.joen.2005.10.057
[22]	Kim, I., Paik, K. and Lee, S. (2007) Quantitative evaluation of the accuracy of micro-computed tomography in tooth measurement. Clinical Anatomy, 20, 27-34. doi:10.1002/ca.20265
[23]	Sert, S., Aslanalp, V. and Tanalp, J. (2004) Investigation of root canal configurations of mandibular permanent teeth in the Turkish population. International Endodontic Journal, 37, 494-499. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00837.x