Birefringence Caused by the Presence of Permanent Dipoles and Its Possible Threat on the Accuracy of Traditional Surface Plasmon
Po-Yu Tsai, Chien-Jung Liao, Wen-Kai Kuo, Chungpin Liao
.
DOI: 10.4236/wjcmp.2011.11002   PDF    HTML     4,278 Downloads   9,111 Views   Citations

Abstract

In arriving at the more intuitive “scattering form” of the Fresnel equations, microscopic physical electric and magnetic dipoles were rigorously employed as the source of electromagnetic waves by Doyle et al. Motivated by such an ap-proach, the authors started to speculate how the incorporation of permanent dipoles might affect Brewster angle of a specific optical material. It is found that in the presence of permanent dipoles, not only is the Brewster angle dependent on the incident light power as well as the dipole orientation, but also that two conjugate incident light paths result in distinctively different refractions. Experiments on dipole-engineered polyvinylidene fluoride films show that by way of adding/reducing permanent dipole density and varying orientations, the aforementioned theoretical predictions can be evidenced unambiguously in the visible light range. Further, effective polarization density can be quantified from the above experiments subjected to different dipole engineering processes. As a result, the traditionally elliptic contour of a slanted two dimensional section of the refractive index ellipsoid now manifests symmetric open splittings at near the traditional incident angle. It implies that severe challenge to the accuracy of traditional surface plasmon resonance measurements may arise in the presence of permanent dipoles of various morphologies, such as in the forms of na-no-particles or membrane double layers.

Share and Cite:

P. Tsai, C. Liao, W. Kuo and C. Liao, "Birefringence Caused by the Presence of Permanent Dipoles and Its Possible Threat on the Accuracy of Traditional Surface Plasmon," World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 1 No. 1, 2011, pp. 6-11. doi: 10.4236/wjcmp.2011.11002.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] E. Hecht, “Optics,” 4th Edition. Addison-Wesley, New York, 2002.
[2] W. T. Doyle, “Scattering approach to Fresnel's equations and Brewster law,” American Journal of Physics, Vol. 53, Issue 5, 1985, pp. 463-468.
[3] Chungpin Liao, Hsien-Ming Chang, and Chien-Jung Liao, “Manipulating the Brewster angles by using microscopically coherent dipole quanta and its possible implications,” IEEE Journal Lightwave Technology, Vol. 24, No. 8, Aug 2006, pp. 3248-3254.
[4] H. A. Haus and J. R. Melcher, “Electromagnetic Fields and Energy,” Prentice-Hall, New York, 1989.
[5] K. M. Yassien, M. Agour, C. von Kopylow and H.M. EI-Dessouky, “On the digital holographic interferometry of fibrous material, I: Optical properties of polymer and optical fibers,” Optics and Lasers in Engineering , Vol. 48, Issue 5, 2010, pp. 555-560.
[6] M. Matsukawa, K. Shintani, S. Tomohiro and N. Ohtori, “Application of Brillouin scattering to the local anisotropy and birefringence measurements of thin layers,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 44, Suppl. 1, 2006, pp. e1555-e1559.
[7] R. Belouadah, D. Kendil, E. Bousbiat, D. Guyomar and B. Guiffard, “The electronic structures and magnetic properties of the vanadates M(pyrazine)V4O10 [I, M=Co; II, M=Zn] studied by first-principles calculations,” Physica B: Physics of Condensed Matter, Vol. 404, 2009, pp.1746-1751.
[8] T. T. Wang and J. E. West, "Polarization of poly (vinylidene fluoride) by application of breakdown fields,” Journal of Applied Physics , Vol. 53, Issue 10, October 1982, pp. 6552-6556.
[9] H. Raether, “Surface Plasmons on Smooth and Rough Surfaces and on Gratings,” Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, Springer, Berlin, 1988.
[10] S. A. Maier, “Plasmonics: Fundamental and Applications,” Springer, New York, 2007.
[11] B. Alberts, A. Johnson, J. Lewis, M. Raff, K. Roberts, “Molecular Biology of the Cell,” Garland Science, New York, 2007.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.