Improving Integrity and Reliability of Map Matching Techniques

Meng Yu, Zhilin Li, Yongqi Chen, Wu Chen

Department of Land Surveying and Geoinformatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University.

DOI:                 

Abstract

Map-matching (MM) is a technique that attempts to locate an estimated vehicle position on road network. Many map-matching algorithms have been developed and widely incorporated into GPS/DR vehicle navigation systems for both commercial and experimental ITS applications. However, the reliability of these systems is still a problem because vehicle position may be located to an incorrect road section due to large vehicle positioning errors which occur frequently in urban areas. This incorrect locating is called a mismatch. To improve map matching techniques, it is necessary to enhance the ability of mismatch detection and to reduce the chance of mismatch, which are referred as integrity and reliability respectively. New techniques are developed in this paper to improve the integrity and reliability of map matching techniques. The new techniques have been integrated with a GPS/DR system and extensively tested in Hong Kong. Testing results demonstrate that the performance of the new integrated GPS/DR system is significantly improved in terms of its accuracy, coverage and reliability.

Keywords

Map-matching

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Ad Bastiaansen, MBA (1996) The Navigable Digital Street Map Is the Critical Success Factor for Vehicle Navigation and Transport Information Systems in Europe. Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE, Tokyo, 1996, pp117-119
[2]	Bullock J.B., Krakiwsky E.J. (1994) Analysis of the Use of Digital Road Maps in Vehicle Navigation. PositionLocation and Navigation Symposium, 1994, IEEE, pp. 494 –501
[3]	Chao C.H., Chen Y.Q., Chen W., Ding X.L., Li Z., Wang N., Yu M. (2001) An Experimental Investigation into the Performance of GPS-based Vehicle Positioning in Very Dense Urban Areas. Journal of Geospatial Engineering, Vol. 3, No.1, pp 59-66.
[4]	Chen W., Yu M., Li Z., Chen Y.Q. (2003) Tight Integration of Digital Map and In-vehicle Positioning Unit for Car Navigation in Urban Areas. Wuhan University Journal of Nature Science, Vol 8, N2B, pp 551-556.
[5]	Chen W., Li Z., Yu M., Chen Y. (2005) Effects of Sensor Errors on the Performance of Map Matching. Journal of Navigation, Vol. 58, pp 273-282.
[6]	El-Sheimy N. (2002) Report on Kinematic and Integrated Positioning Systems. TS5.1 Commission 5 Activities: Yesterday and Tomorrow, FIG XXII International Congress, Washington, D.C. USA, April 19-26 2002
[7]	European Standard CEN (1995) Geographic Data Files 3.0
[8]	French R.L. (1995) From Chinese Chariots to Smart Cars: 2,000 Years of Vehicular Navigation. Navigation, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp 235-257
[9]	Greenfeld J. (2002) Matching GPS Observations to Locations on a Digital Map. Proceedings of the 81th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, January 2002, Washington, DC
[10]	Greenspan R.L. (1996) GPS and Inertial Integration. In: Parkinson B.W., Spilker, JJ (Eds.) Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications, Vol II. Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, pp. 187-220
[11]	Jo T., Haseyam M., Kitajima, H. (1996) A Map Matching Method with the Innovation of the Kalman Filtering. IEICE Trans. Fundamentals, 1996, Vol. E79-A, No. 11, pp. 1853-1855
[12]	Joshi R.R. (2001) A New Approach to Map Matching for In-vehicle Navigation Systems: the Rotational Variation Metric. Proceedings of IEEE 2001 Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference, Oakland CA, pp.33-38
[13]	Kim S., Kim J.H. (2001) Adaptive Fuzzy Network Based C-measure Map-Matching Algorithm for Car Navigation System. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp 432-441
[14]	Li Z. (1988) An Algorithm for Compressing Digital Contour data. The Cartographic Journal, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp.143-146.
[15]	Li Z. (1995) An Examination of Algorithms for the Detection of Critical Points on Digital Cartographic Lines. The Cartographic Journal, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp.121-125
[16]	Najjar M.E., Bonnifait P. H. (2002) A Road Reduction Method using Multi-Criteria Fusion. IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symposium, Versailles, France, Vol. 1, pp184 - 189
[17]	Pikaz A., Dinstein I. (1995) Matching of Partially Occluded Planar Curves. Pattern Recognition, Vol. 28, No.2, pp. 199-209
[18]	Quddus M.A., Ochieng W.Y., Zhao L., Noland R.B. (2003) A General Map Matching Algorithm for Transport Telematics Applications. GPS Solutions, Vol. 7, No.3, pp. 157-167
[19]	Rattarangsi A., Chin R.T. (1992) Scale-based Detection of Corners of Planar Curves. IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 430-449
[20]	White C. E., Berstein D., Kornhauser A. (2000) Some Map Matching Algorithms for Personal Navigation. Transportation Research Part C, Vol. 8, pp. 91-108.
[21]	Young S.S., Kealy A. (2002) An Intelligent Navigation Solution for Land Mobile Location-Based Services. Journal of Navigation, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 225-240.
[22]	Yu, M., Chen W., Li, Z., Chen, Y., Chao C.H. (2002) A Simplified Map-Matching Algorithm for In-Vehicle Navigation Unit. Journal of Geographic Information Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 24-30.