A Demonstrative GPS-aided Automatic Landslide Monitoring System in Sichuan Province

Pinggen Zhou, Baishen Zhou, Jingjun Guo, Donghang Li, Zhigang Ding, Yanming Feng

China Institute of Geo-environmental Monitoring, Beijing, 100081,China.
Cooperative Research Centre for Satellite Systems, Queensland University of Technology, GPO 2434,Q4001.
Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.

DOI:                 

Abstract

In China, the geological disasters of landslide and mud-rock flows cause losses of over 1000 lives and total economic losses of over 10 billions of RMB each year. There have been about 90,000 identified landslide sites, mostly distributed in several southern and northwestern provinces of China. In the reservoir area of the Three-Gorge project only, over 1000 landslide sides have been identified. A joint research was launched involving authors from a number of scientific institutions to explore technologies and methodologies for landslide monitoring with focus on the characteristics of the geological disasters at the up and middle reaches of Yangtze River. This paper studies the combined technologies for landslides monitoring and presents a demonstrative automatic landslide monitoring system in a chosen ancient landslide site, where the creeping movement process continues since its latest large sliding on August 25, 1981. The landslide test-bed is 500 m long and 300 m wide located in the Ya’an-Xiakou area in Sichuan province. To study the mechanism of the sliding process, 15 permanent GPS monuments were built in the area for regular observations. Automatic ombrometers, digital thermometers, underground water-level-meter and ground fissure-displacement-meter were set-up as well. The data from these automatic sensors are collected and automatically sent to the data process centre in Beijing via the Beidou-1 communication satellite. The paper also compares the landslide results from three GPS observing campaigns, demonstrates the feasibility to identify the displacements at the accuracy level of 2 mm using the dual-frequency GPS receivers. The results are encouraging and further analyses will be conducted, considering influences of non-GPS measurements.

Keywords

Augmented Reality, GPS, Inertial Sensors, Kalman Filter, Integrated Systems

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Yin Y. (2004): Initial study on the hazard-relief strategy of geological hazard in China, The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 15 (1): 1-8
[2]	Zhou P. (2004): Indicators and techniques of landslide monitoring, Journal of Geomechanics (in Chinese), 10(1):19-26
[3]	Xu, S, W. Cheng, X. Huang, D. Xu (2003): The investigation of landslide monitoring in the Three Gorges Reservoir region by applying GPS, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (in Chinese). (1):114-118
[4]	Gili J.A.; Corominas J. (2000): Using Global Position System techniques in landslide monitoring, Engineering Geology (special issue), 55:167-192
[5]	Guo J J.; Yang Z.; Ding P.; Zhou X Zhu. (2004): Application of GPS on landslide monitoring-A case study of Xiakou landslide, Journal of Geomechanics (in Chinese). 10(1): 63-70
[6]	Zhao Y. (2001): Mechanical analysis of sliding process of Ya’an Xiakou landslide and prediction of its hazard model, Journal of Engineering Geology(in Chinese). 9(2): 188-193
[7]	Liu, D Y Shi, J Guo (1996): The Elements and Data Processing of Global Position System, Tongji University Press, Shanghai
[8]	X Cui, Z Yu, B. Tao (2000): The Generalized Surveying Adjustment, Survey and Mapping Press, Beijing
[9]	Ha B. (2004) Beidou Navigation and Position Satellites System, China Metrology,(3):22-23