Global Warming was not Proved at Showa Base in Antarctica
Nobuyuki Miyatake, Noriko Sakano, Shoko Murakami, Takeshi Suzue, Tomohiro Hirao
.
DOI: 10.4236/jep.2011.23036   PDF    HTML     5,593 Downloads   10,179 Views   Citations

Abstract

The changes in temperatures at Showa base in Antarctica were evaluated. Various parameters of temperatures at Showa base in Antarctica were obtained from Japan Metrological Agency. Parameters of temperatures were not correlated with years at Showa base (mean temperature in a year: r = 0.056, p = 0.7267). In addition, the number of days over 4?C was negatively correlated with years. Global warming was not proved at Showa base in Antarctica in this study.

Share and Cite:

N. Miyatake, N. Sakano, S. Murakami, T. Suzue and T. Hirao, "Global Warming was not Proved at Showa Base in Antarctica," Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 2 No. 3, 2011, pp. 323-325. doi: 10.4236/jep.2011.23036.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] M. Lye and A. Kamal, “Effects of a Heatwave on Mortality-Rates in Elderly Inpatients,” Lancet, Vol. 1, No. 8010, March 1977, pp. 529-531. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(77)91385-X
[2] K. E. Smoyer, “A Comparative Analysis of Heat Waves and Associated Mortality in St. Louis, Missouri – 1980 and 1995,” International Journal of Biometeorology, Vol. 42, No.1, September 1998, pp. 44-50. doi:10.1007/s004840050082
[3] W. B. Applegate, J. W. Jr. Runyan, L. Brasfield, M. L. Williams, C. Konigsberg and C. Fouche,” Analysis of the 1980 Heat Wave in Memphis,” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Vol. 29, No. 8, August 1981, pp. 337-342.
[4] N. Miyatake, N. Sakano, S. Murakami, S. Suna, T. Suzue and T. Hirao, “Comparison of the Temperatures among Rural, Urban and Metropolitan Areas around the Inland Sea in Japan,” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Springer, Berlin, 2011, (in press).
[5] N. Miyatake, M. Nakao, N. Sakano, S. Suna, T. Suzue and T. Hirao, “Higher Ambulance Transports Were Closely Associated with Higher Ambulance Transports in Takamatsu Area, Japan,” Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 2, No. 1, March 2011, pp.72-75.
[6] N. Sakano, M. Miyatake, T. Suzue, S. Suna, T. Hirao and K. Ogino, “The Relation between High Temperatures and Ambulance Transports in Okayama City, Japan,” Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol. 6, No. 1, March 2011. pp. 17-20, (in Japanese).
[7] N. Sakano, M. Miyatake, S. Murakami, T. Suzue, T. Hirao and K. Ogino, “Changes in Temperatures in Okayama Area Compared with Different Urbanization Areas, Japan,” Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 2, No. 2, April 2011, pp. 162-167.
[8] Japan Meteorological Agency, 2010. Internet Available: http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/index.php?prec_ no=99&prec_ch=%93%EC%8B%C9&block_no=89532 &block_ch=%8F%BA%98a&year=&month=&day=&vie.
[9] M. Taniguchi, T. Uemura and K. Jago-on, “Combined Effects of Urbanization and Global Warming on Subsurface Temperature in for Asian Cities,” Vadose Zone Journal, Vol. 6, No. 3, August 2007, pp. 591-596. doi:10.2136/vzj2006.0094
[10] S. Nakai, T. Itoh and T. Morimoto, “Deaths from Heat-Stroke in Japan: 1968-1994,” International Journal of Biometeorology, Vol. 43, No. 3, November 1999, pp. 124-127. doi:10.1007/s004840050127
[11] H. Bai, M. N. Islam, H. Kuroki, K. Honda and C. Wakasugi, “Deaths Due to Heat Waves during the Summer of 1994 in Osaka Prefecture, Japan,” Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi, Vol. 49, No. 4, August 1995, pp. 265-274, (in Japanese).
[12] D. Qiu, T. Tanihata, H. Aoyama, T. Fujita, Y. Inaba and M. Minowa, “Relationship between a High Mortality Rate and Extreme Heat during the Summer of 1999 in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan,” Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 12, No. 3, May 2002, pp. 254-257.
[13] J. C. Semenza, C. H. Rubin, K. H. Falter, J. D. Selanikio, W. D. Flanders, H. L. Howe and J. L. Wilhelm, “Heat-Related Deaths during the July 1995 Heat Wave in Chicago,” New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 335, No. 2, July 1996, pp. 84-90. doi:10.1056/NEJM199607113350203
[14] J. B. Worfolk, “Heat Waves: Their Impact on the Health of Elders,” Geriatric Nursing, Vol. 21, No. 2, March-April 2000, pp. 70-77. doi:10.1067/mgn.2000.107131
[15] T. S. Jones, A. P. Liang, E. M. Kibourrne, M. R. Griffin, P. A. Patriarca, S. G. Wassilak, R. J. Mullan, R. F. Herrick, H. D. Jr. Donnell, K. Choi and S. B. Thancker, “Morbidity and Mortality Associated with the July 1980 Heat Wave in St. Louis and Kansas City, Mo,” the Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 247, No. 24, June 1982, pp. 3327-3331. doi:10.1001/jama.247.24.3327

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.