SATB1 Protein Is Associated with a More Aggressive Phenotype of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer

Akueni L. Davelaar, Agnieszka M. Rygiel, Margriet R. Timmer, Liudmila L. Kodach, Carel J. M. van Noesel, Paul Fockens, Kausilia K. Krishnadath

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Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

DOI: 10.4236/ojpathology.2013.34029                

Abstract

Background: Experimental studies have shown that cyclo-oxygenase-2 (Cox2) is related to the development and progression of tumors, since this enzyme is induced and expressed by cells such as macrophages, osteoblasts, “activated” endothelial cells, and tumor cells. The activity in tumors includes proliferation, cell transformation, tumor growth, invasion and metastasis and may play an important role in carcinogenesis of the canine osteosarcoma, since it has high expression in tissue fragments. The combination of selective Cox2 inhibitors and other treatment modalities is the basis for a new anti-cancer therapy strategy. This in vitro study exposed primary cells of five different canine osteosarcoma cultures to selective Cox2 inhibitor at increasing concentrations and times. Results: For Cox2 negative cultures, despite the absence of differences, greater sensitivity of cells to treatment was observed. For Cox2 positive cultures, a higher number of necrotic cells were observed (P ≤ 0.05), when compared with negative cultures. For exposure times with Celecoxib doses, no difference (P > 0.05) was found between the three times analyzed for living, apoptotic and apop- totic/necrotic cells. There are similarities in the values of 24 h and 48 h, with slight reduction of living cells, increasing those undergoing apoptosis and apoptosis/necrosis. There was significance for necrosis (P ≤ 0.05). In 72 hours, a significant difference was observed between the other two previous values (P ≤ 0.05). It was found for the group of 100 μM?L^?1, that there was a numerically greater signaling for apoptosis and lower (P = 0.08) for necrosis, and this point was the onset of the pharmacodynamic phenomenon, with drop in the values for living cells and increased number of necrotic cells, with a tendency (P = 0.08) for reducing the percentage of necrotic cells for the group of 100 μM?L^?1 when compared to that of 10 μM?L^?1. Conclusions: For Cox2 positive and negative cultures, there was difference for necrotic cells and there was no difference between Cox2 positive and Cox2 negative groups in relation to the percentage of living cells and apoptotic and apoptotic/necrotic cells. At time of 72 hours, higher percentage of living cells, lower percentage of apoptotic cells and increased percentage of necrotic cells in relation to groups of 24 and 48 hours were observed. A tendency for reducing the percentage of necrotic cells for the group of 100 μM?L^?1 when compared to that of the group of 10 μM?L^?1 was observed.

 

Keywords

SATB1; Biomarker; Sporadic Colorectal Cancer

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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